last implement diff

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+my_picocom_logfile.txt
+*pyc
+__pycache__/
+*.log
+*.tmp
+*.bak
+*.swp
+*.swo       
+acm_9
+build
+.venv
+sample_data

replay_pty.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Эмулятор серийного порта: воспроизводит лог-файл в цикле через PTY.
+
+Использование:
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --pty /tmp/ttyVIRT0
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --speed 2.0   # в 2 раза быстрее реального
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --speed 0     # максимально быстро
+
+Затем в другом терминале:
+  python -m rfg_adc_plotter.main /tmp/ttyVIRT0
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Воспроизводит лог-файл через PTY как виртуальный серийный порт."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("file", help="Путь к лог-файлу (например my_picocom_logfile.txt)")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pty",
+        default="/tmp/ttyVIRT0",
+        help="Путь симлинка PTY (по умолчанию /tmp/ttyVIRT0)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--speed",
+        type=float,
+        default=1.0,
+        help=(
+            "Множитель скорости воспроизведения: "
+            "1.0 = реальное время при --baud, "
+            "2.0 = вдвое быстрее, "
+            "0 = максимально быстро"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--baud",
+        type=int,
+        default=115200,
+        help="Скорость (бод) для расчёта задержек (по умолчанию 115200)",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(args.file):
+        sys.stderr.write(f"[error] Файл не найден: {args.file}\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Открываем PTY-пару: master (мы пишем) / slave (GUI читает)
+    master_fd, slave_fd = os.openpty()
+    slave_path = os.ttyname(slave_fd)
+    os.close(slave_fd)  # GUI откроет slave сам по симлинку
+
+    # Симлинк с удобным именем
+    try:
+        os.unlink(args.pty)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    os.symlink(slave_path, args.pty)
+
+    print(f"PTY slave : {slave_path}")
+    print(f"Симлинк   : {args.pty}  →  {slave_path}")
+    print(f"Запустите : python -m rfg_adc_plotter.main {args.pty}")
+    print("Ctrl+C для остановки.\n")
+
+    # Задержка на байт: 10 бит (8N1) / скорость / множитель
+    if args.speed > 0:
+        bytes_per_sec = args.baud / 10.0 * args.speed
+        delay_per_byte = 1.0 / bytes_per_sec
+    else:
+        delay_per_byte = 0.0
+
+    _CHUNK = 4096
+    loop = 0
+    try:
+        while True:
+            loop += 1
+            print(f"[loop {loop}] {args.file}")
+            with open(args.file, "rb") as f:
+                while True:
+                    chunk = f.read(_CHUNK)
+                    if not chunk:
+                        break
+                    os.write(master_fd, chunk)
+                    if delay_per_byte > 0:
+                        time.sleep(delay_per_byte * len(chunk))
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\nОстановлено.")
+    finally:
+        try:
+            os.unlink(args.pty)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            os.close(master_fd)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

rfg_adc_plotter/constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+WF_WIDTH = 1000  # максимальное число точек в ряду водопада
+FFT_LEN = 4096   # длина БПФ для спектра/водопада спектров
+LOG_EXP = 2.0    # основание экспоненты для опции --logscale
+# Порог для инверсии сырых данных: если среднее значение свипа ниже порога —
+# считаем, что сигнал «меньше нуля» и домножаем свип на -1
+DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD = 10.0
+
+# Частотная сетка рабочего свипа (положительная часть), ГГц
+FREQ_MIN_GHZ = 3.323
+FREQ_MAX_GHZ = 14.323
+
+# Скорость света для перевода времени пролёта в one-way depth
+SPEED_OF_LIGHT_M_S = 299_792_458.0
+
+# Параметры IFFT-спектра (временной профиль из спектра 3.2..14.3 ГГц)
+# Двусторонний спектр формируется как: [нули -14.3..-3.2 | нули -3.2..+3.2 | данные +3.2..+14.3]
+ZEROS_LOW = 758       # нули от -14.3 до -3.2 ГГц
+ZEROS_MID = 437       # нули от -3.2 до +3.2 ГГц
+SWEEP_LEN = 758       # ожидаемая длина свипа (3.2 → 14.3 ГГц)
+FREQ_SPAN_GHZ = 28.6  # полная двусторонняя полоса (-14.3 .. +14.3 ГГц)
+IFFT_LEN = ZEROS_LOW + ZEROS_MID + SWEEP_LEN  # = 1953

rfg_adc_plotter/gui/matplotlib_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,659 @@
+"""Matplotlib-бэкенд реалтайм-плоттера свипов."""
+
+import sys
+import threading
+from queue import Queue
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import FFT_LEN, FREQ_MAX_GHZ, FREQ_MIN_GHZ, IFFT_LEN
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_reader import SweepReader
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.normalizer import build_calib_envelopes
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.app_state import AppState, format_status
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+def _parse_ylim(ylim_str: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not ylim_str:
+        return None
+    try:
+        y0, y1 = ylim_str.split(",")
+        return (float(y0), float(y1))
+    except Exception:
+        sys.stderr.write("[warn] Некорректный формат --ylim, игнорирую. Ожидалось min,max\n")
+        return None
+
+
+def _parse_spec_clip(spec: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not spec:
+        return None
+    s = str(spec).strip().lower()
+    if s in ("off", "none", "no"):
+        return None
+    try:
+        p0, p1 = s.replace(";", ",").split(",")
+        low, high = float(p0), float(p1)
+        if not (0.0 <= low < high <= 100.0):
+            return None
+        return (low, high)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _visible_levels(data: np.ndarray, axis) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    """(vmin, vmax) по текущей видимой области imshow."""
+    if data.size == 0:
+        return None
+    ny, nx = data.shape[0], data.shape[1]
+    try:
+        x0, x1 = axis.get_xlim()
+        y0, y1 = axis.get_ylim()
+    except Exception:
+        x0, x1 = 0.0, float(nx - 1)
+        y0, y1 = 0.0, float(ny - 1)
+    xmin, xmax = sorted((float(x0), float(x1)))
+    ymin, ymax = sorted((float(y0), float(y1)))
+    ix0 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.floor(xmin))))
+    ix1 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.ceil(xmax))))
+    iy0 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.floor(ymin))))
+    iy1 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.ceil(ymax))))
+    if ix1 < ix0:
+        ix1 = ix0
+    if iy1 < iy0:
+        iy1 = iy0
+    sub = data[iy0 : iy1 + 1, ix0 : ix1 + 1]
+    finite = np.isfinite(sub)
+    if not finite.any():
+        return None
+    vals = sub[finite]
+    vmin = float(np.min(vals))
+    vmax = float(np.max(vals))
+    if not (np.isfinite(vmin) and np.isfinite(vmax)) or vmin == vmax:
+        return None
+    return (vmin, vmax)
+
+
+def run_matplotlib(args):
+    try:
+        import matplotlib
+        import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+        from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
+        from matplotlib.widgets import Button as MplButton
+        from matplotlib.widgets import CheckButtons, RadioButtons, Slider, TextBox
+    except Exception as e:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"[error] Нужны matplotlib и её зависимости: {e}\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    q: Queue[SweepPacket] = Queue(maxsize=1000)
+    stop_event = threading.Event()
+    reader = SweepReader(
+        args.port,
+        args.baud,
+        q,
+        stop_event,
+        fancy=bool(args.fancy),
+        bin_mode=bool(getattr(args, "bin_mode", False)),
+        logscale=bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False)),
+        debug=bool(getattr(args, "debug", False)),
+    )
+    reader.start()
+
+    max_sweeps = int(max(10, args.max_sweeps))
+    max_fps = max(1.0, float(args.max_fps))
+    interval_ms = int(1000.0 / max_fps)
+    spec_clip = _parse_spec_clip(getattr(args, "spec_clip", None))
+    spec_mean_sec = float(getattr(args, "spec_mean_sec", 0.0))
+    fixed_ylim = _parse_ylim(getattr(args, "ylim", None))
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
+    logscale_enabled = bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False))
+
+    state = AppState(norm_type=norm_type)
+    state.configure_capture_import(fancy=bool(args.fancy), logscale=bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False)))
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps)
+    try:
+        ring.set_fft_complex_mode(str(getattr(args, "ifft_complex_mode", "arccos")))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # --- Создание фигуры ---
+    fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(12, 8))
+    (ax_line, ax_img), (ax_fft, ax_spec) = axs
+    if hasattr(fig.canvas.manager, "set_window_title"):
+        fig.canvas.manager.set_window_title(args.title)
+    fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.25, hspace=0.35, left=0.07, right=0.90, top=0.92, bottom=0.22)
+
+    # Статусная строка
+    status_text = fig.text(0.01, 0.01, "", ha="left", va="bottom", fontsize=8, family="monospace")
+    pipeline_text = fig.text(0.01, 0.03, "", ha="left", va="bottom", fontsize=8, family="monospace")
+    ref_text = fig.text(0.01, 0.05, "", ha="left", va="bottom", fontsize=8, family="monospace")
+
+    # График последнего свипа
+    line_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:blue")
+    line_norm_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:green")
+    line_pre_exp_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:red")
+    line_post_exp_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:green")
+    line_env_lo, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:orange", linestyle="--", alpha=0.7)
+    line_env_hi, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:orange", linestyle="--", alpha=0.7)
+    ax_line.set_title("Сырые данные", pad=1)
+    ax_line.set_xlabel("Частота, ГГц")
+    channel_text = ax_line.text(
+        0.98, 0.98, "", transform=ax_line.transAxes,
+        ha="right", va="top", fontsize=9, family="monospace",
+    )
+    if fixed_ylim is not None:
+        ax_line.set_ylim(fixed_ylim)
+
+    # График спектра
+    fft_line_obj, = ax_fft.plot([], [], lw=1)
+    ax_fft.set_title("FFT", pad=1)
+    ax_fft.set_xlabel("Глубина, м")
+    ax_fft.set_ylabel("Амплитуда")
+
+    # Водопад сырых данных
+    img_obj = ax_img.imshow(
+        np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32),
+        aspect="auto", interpolation="nearest", origin="lower", cmap=args.cmap,
+    )
+    ax_img.set_title("Сырые данные", pad=12)
+    ax_img.set_ylabel("частота")
+    try:
+        ax_img.tick_params(axis="x", labelbottom=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Водопад спектров
+    img_fft_obj = ax_spec.imshow(
+        np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32),
+        aspect="auto", interpolation="nearest", origin="lower", cmap=args.cmap,
+    )
+    ax_spec.set_title("B-scan", pad=12)
+    ax_spec.set_ylabel("Глубина, м")
+    try:
+        ax_spec.tick_params(axis="x", labelbottom=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Слайдеры и чекбокс
+    contrast_slider = None
+    try:
+        fft_bins = ring.fft_bins if ring.fft_bins > 0 else IFFT_LEN
+        ax_smin = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_smax = fig.add_axes([0.95, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_sctr = fig.add_axes([0.98, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_cb = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.45, 0.08, 0.08])
+        ax_cb_file = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.36, 0.08, 0.08])
+        ax_line_mode = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.10, 0.08, 0.08])
+        ax_ifft_mode = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.01, 0.08, 0.08])
+        ymin_slider = Slider(ax_smin, "Y min", 0, max(1, fft_bins - 1), valinit=0, valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        ymax_slider = Slider(ax_smax, "Y max", 0, max(1, fft_bins - 1), valinit=max(1, fft_bins - 1), valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        contrast_slider = Slider(ax_sctr, "Int max", 0, 100, valinit=100, valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        calib_cb = CheckButtons(ax_cb, ["калибровка"], [False])
+        calib_file_cb = CheckButtons(ax_cb_file, ["из файла"], [False])
+        line_mode_rb = RadioButtons(ax_line_mode, ("raw", "processed"), active=0)
+        ifft_mode_rb = RadioButtons(
+            ax_ifft_mode,
+            ("arccos", "diff"),
+            active=(1 if ring.fft_complex_mode == "diff" else 0),
+        )
+        try:
+            ax_line_mode.set_title("Линия", fontsize=8, pad=2)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            ax_ifft_mode.set_title("IFFT", fontsize=8, pad=2)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        line_mode_state = {"value": "raw"}
+        ifft_mode_state = {"value": str(ring.fft_complex_mode)}
+
+        import os as _os
+        try:
+            import tkinter as _tk
+            from tkinter import filedialog as _tk_filedialog
+            _tk_available = True
+        except Exception:
+            _tk = None
+            _tk_filedialog = None
+            _tk_available = False
+
+        # Нижняя панель путей и кнопок (работает без Qt; выбор файла через tkinter опционален).
+        ax_calib_path = fig.add_axes([0.07, 0.14, 0.40, 0.04])
+        ax_calib_load = fig.add_axes([0.48, 0.14, 0.07, 0.04])
+        ax_calib_pick = fig.add_axes([0.56, 0.14, 0.06, 0.04])
+        ax_calib_sample = fig.add_axes([0.63, 0.14, 0.09, 0.04])
+        ax_calib_save = fig.add_axes([0.73, 0.14, 0.10, 0.04])
+
+        ax_bg_path = fig.add_axes([0.07, 0.09, 0.40, 0.04])
+        ax_bg_load = fig.add_axes([0.48, 0.09, 0.07, 0.04])
+        ax_bg_pick = fig.add_axes([0.56, 0.09, 0.06, 0.04])
+        ax_bg_sample = fig.add_axes([0.63, 0.09, 0.09, 0.04])
+        ax_bg_save2 = fig.add_axes([0.73, 0.09, 0.10, 0.04])
+
+        calib_path_box = TextBox(ax_calib_path, "Калибр", initial=state.calib_envelope_path)
+        bg_path_box = TextBox(ax_bg_path, "Фон", initial=state.background_path)
+
+        calib_load_btn2 = MplButton(ax_calib_load, "Загруз.")
+        calib_pick_btn2 = MplButton(ax_calib_pick, "Файл")
+        calib_sample_btn2 = MplButton(ax_calib_sample, "sample")
+        calib_save_btn2 = MplButton(ax_calib_save, "Сохр env")
+
+        bg_load_btn2 = MplButton(ax_bg_load, "Загруз.")
+        bg_pick_btn2 = MplButton(ax_bg_pick, "Файл")
+        bg_sample_btn2 = MplButton(ax_bg_sample, "sample")
+        bg_save_btn2 = MplButton(ax_bg_save2, "Сохр фон")
+
+        if not _tk_available:
+            try:
+                calib_pick_btn2.label.set_text("Файл-")
+                bg_pick_btn2.label.set_text("Файл-")
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _tb_text(tb):
+            try:
+                return str(tb.text).strip()
+            except Exception:
+                return ""
+
+        def _pick_file_dialog(initial_path: str) -> str:
+            if not _tk_available or _tk is None or _tk_filedialog is None:
+                return ""
+            root = None
+            try:
+                root = _tk.Tk()
+                root.withdraw()
+                root.attributes("-topmost", True)
+            except Exception:
+                root = None
+            try:
+                return str(
+                    _tk_filedialog.askopenfilename(
+                        initialdir=_os.path.dirname(initial_path) or ".",
+                        initialfile=_os.path.basename(initial_path) or "",
+                        title="Выбрать файл эталона (.npy или capture)",
+                    )
+                )
+            finally:
+                try:
+                    if root is not None:
+                        root.destroy()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+
+        def _sync_path_boxes():
+            try:
+                if _tb_text(calib_path_box) != state.calib_envelope_path:
+                    calib_path_box.set_val(state.calib_envelope_path)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                if _tb_text(bg_path_box) != state.background_path:
+                    bg_path_box.set_val(state.background_path)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _refresh_status_texts():
+            pipeline_text.set_text(f"{state.format_pipeline_status()} | cplx:{ring.fft_complex_mode}")
+            ref_text.set_text(state.format_reference_status())
+            try:
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _line_mode() -> str:
+            return str(line_mode_state.get("value", "raw"))
+
+        def _refresh_checkboxes():
+            try:
+                # file-mode чекбокс показываем всегда; он активен при наличии пути/данных.
+                ax_cb_file.set_visible(True)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _load_calib_from_ui():
+            p = _tb_text(calib_path_box)
+            if p:
+                state.set_calib_envelope_path(p)
+            ok = state.load_calib_reference()
+            if ok and bool(calib_file_cb.get_status()[0]):
+                state.set_calib_mode("file")
+                state.set_calib_enabled(bool(calib_cb.get_status()[0]))
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_checkboxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+            return ok
+
+        def _load_bg_from_ui():
+            p = _tb_text(bg_path_box)
+            if p:
+                state.set_background_path(p)
+            ok = state.load_background_reference()
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+            return ok
+
+        def _on_ylim_change(_val):
+            try:
+                y0 = int(min(ymin_slider.val, ymax_slider.val))
+                y1 = int(max(ymin_slider.val, ymax_slider.val))
+                ax_spec.set_ylim(y0, y1)
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _on_calib_file_clicked(_v):
+            use_file = bool(calib_file_cb.get_status()[0])
+            if use_file:
+                ok = _load_calib_from_ui()
+                if ok:
+                    state.set_calib_mode("file")
+                else:
+                    calib_file_cb.set_active(0)  # снять галочку
+            else:
+                state.set_calib_mode("live")
+            state.set_calib_enabled(bool(calib_cb.get_status()[0]))
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_calib_clicked(_v):
+            state.set_calib_enabled(bool(calib_cb.get_status()[0]))
+            _refresh_checkboxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        ax_btn_bg = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.27, 0.08, 0.05])
+        ax_cb_bg = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.20, 0.08, 0.06])
+        save_bg_btn = MplButton(ax_btn_bg, "Сохр. фон")
+        bg_cb = CheckButtons(ax_cb_bg, ["вычет фона"], [False])
+
+        def _on_save_bg(_event):
+            ok = state.save_background()
+            if ok:
+                state.load_background()
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_bg_clicked(_v):
+            state.set_background_enabled(bool(bg_cb.get_status()[0]))
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_calib_load_btn(_event):
+            _load_calib_from_ui()
+
+        def _on_calib_pick_btn(_event):
+            path = _pick_file_dialog(_tb_text(calib_path_box) or state.calib_envelope_path)
+            if not path:
+                return
+            state.set_calib_envelope_path(path)
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_calib_sample_btn(_event):
+            state.set_calib_envelope_path(_os.path.join("sample_data", "no_antennas_35dB_attenuators"))
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            if _load_calib_from_ui() and not bool(calib_file_cb.get_status()[0]):
+                calib_file_cb.set_active(0)
+
+        def _on_calib_save_btn(_event):
+            state.save_calib_envelope()
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_bg_load_btn(_event):
+            _load_bg_from_ui()
+
+        def _on_bg_pick_btn(_event):
+            path = _pick_file_dialog(_tb_text(bg_path_box) or state.background_path)
+            if not path:
+                return
+            state.set_background_path(path)
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_bg_sample_btn(_event):
+            state.set_background_path(_os.path.join("sample_data", "empty"))
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _load_bg_from_ui()
+
+        def _on_bg_save_btn2(_event):
+            ok = state.save_background()
+            if ok:
+                state.load_background()
+            _sync_path_boxes()
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+
+        def _on_line_mode_clicked(label):
+            line_mode_state["value"] = str(label)
+            try:
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        def _on_ifft_mode_clicked(label):
+            ifft_mode_state["value"] = str(label)
+            try:
+                ring.set_fft_complex_mode(str(label))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            _refresh_status_texts()
+            try:
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        save_bg_btn.on_clicked(_on_save_bg)
+        bg_cb.on_clicked(_on_bg_clicked)
+        calib_load_btn2.on_clicked(_on_calib_load_btn)
+        calib_pick_btn2.on_clicked(_on_calib_pick_btn)
+        calib_sample_btn2.on_clicked(_on_calib_sample_btn)
+        calib_save_btn2.on_clicked(_on_calib_save_btn)
+        bg_load_btn2.on_clicked(_on_bg_load_btn)
+        bg_pick_btn2.on_clicked(_on_bg_pick_btn)
+        bg_sample_btn2.on_clicked(_on_bg_sample_btn)
+        bg_save_btn2.on_clicked(_on_bg_save_btn2)
+        line_mode_rb.on_clicked(_on_line_mode_clicked)
+        ifft_mode_rb.on_clicked(_on_ifft_mode_clicked)
+
+        ymin_slider.on_changed(_on_ylim_change)
+        ymax_slider.on_changed(_on_ylim_change)
+        contrast_slider.on_changed(lambda _v: fig.canvas.draw_idle())
+        calib_cb.on_clicked(_on_calib_clicked)
+        calib_file_cb.on_clicked(_on_calib_file_clicked)
+        _sync_path_boxes()
+        _refresh_checkboxes()
+        _refresh_status_texts()
+    except Exception:
+        calib_cb = None
+        line_mode_state = {"value": "raw"}
+        ifft_mode_state = {"value": str(getattr(ring, "fft_complex_mode", "arccos"))}
+
+    FREQ_MIN = float(FREQ_MIN_GHZ)
+    FREQ_MAX = float(FREQ_MAX_GHZ)
+
+    def _fft_depth_max() -> float:
+        axis = ring.fft_depth_axis_m
+        if axis is None or axis.size == 0:
+            return 1.0
+        try:
+            vmax = float(axis[-1])
+        except Exception:
+            vmax = float(np.nanmax(axis))
+        if not np.isfinite(vmax) or vmax <= 0.0:
+            return 1.0
+        return vmax
+
+    # --- Инициализация imshow при первом свипе ---
+    def _init_imshow_extents():
+        w = ring.width
+        ms = ring.max_sweeps
+        fb = max(1, int(ring.fft_bins))
+        depth_max = _fft_depth_max()
+        img_obj.set_data(np.zeros((w, ms), dtype=np.float32))
+        img_obj.set_extent((0, ms - 1, FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX))
+        ax_img.set_xlim(0, ms - 1)
+        ax_img.set_ylim(FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX)
+        img_fft_obj.set_data(np.zeros((fb, ms), dtype=np.float32))
+        img_fft_obj.set_extent((0, ms - 1, 0.0, depth_max))
+        ax_spec.set_xlim(0, ms - 1)
+        ax_spec.set_ylim(0.0, depth_max)
+        ax_fft.set_xlim(0.0, depth_max)
+
+    _imshow_initialized = [False]
+
+    def update(_frame):
+        changed = state.drain_queue(q, ring) > 0
+
+        if changed and not _imshow_initialized[0] and ring.is_ready:
+            _init_imshow_extents()
+            _imshow_initialized[0] = True
+
+        # Линейный график свипа
+        if state.current_sweep_raw is not None:
+            raw = state.current_sweep_raw
+            if ring.x_shared is not None and raw.size <= ring.x_shared.size:
+                xs = ring.x_shared[: raw.size]
+            else:
+                xs = np.arange(raw.size, dtype=np.int32)
+            line_mode = str(line_mode_state.get("value", "raw"))
+            main = state.current_sweep_processed if line_mode == "processed" else raw
+            if main is not None:
+                line_obj.set_data(xs[: main.size], main)
+            else:
+                line_obj.set_data([], [])
+            if line_mode == "raw":
+                if state.calib_mode == "file" and state.calib_file_envelope is not None:
+                    upper = np.asarray(state.calib_file_envelope, dtype=np.float32)
+                    n_env = min(xs.size, upper.size)
+                    if n_env > 0:
+                        x_env = xs[:n_env]
+                        y_env = upper[:n_env]
+                        line_env_lo.set_data(x_env, -y_env)
+                        line_env_hi.set_data(x_env, y_env)
+                    else:
+                        line_env_lo.set_data([], [])
+                        line_env_hi.set_data([], [])
+                elif state.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+                    calib = np.asarray(state.last_calib_sweep, dtype=np.float32)
+                    lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(calib)
+                    n_env = min(xs.size, lower.size, upper.size)
+                    if n_env > 0:
+                        line_env_lo.set_data(xs[:n_env], lower[:n_env])
+                        line_env_hi.set_data(xs[:n_env], upper[:n_env])
+                    else:
+                        line_env_lo.set_data([], [])
+                        line_env_hi.set_data([], [])
+                else:
+                    line_env_lo.set_data([], [])
+                    line_env_hi.set_data([], [])
+            else:
+                line_env_lo.set_data([], [])
+                line_env_hi.set_data([], [])
+            if logscale_enabled:
+                if state.current_sweep_pre_exp is not None:
+                    pre = state.current_sweep_pre_exp
+                    line_pre_exp_obj.set_data(xs[: pre.size], pre)
+                else:
+                    line_pre_exp_obj.set_data([], [])
+
+                post = state.current_sweep_post_exp if state.current_sweep_post_exp is not None else raw
+                line_post_exp_obj.set_data(xs[: post.size], post)
+
+                if line_mode == "processed":
+                    if state.current_sweep_processed is not None:
+                        proc = state.current_sweep_processed
+                        line_obj.set_data(xs[: proc.size], proc)
+                    else:
+                        line_obj.set_data([], [])
+                else:
+                    line_obj.set_data(xs[: raw.size], raw)
+                line_norm_obj.set_data([], [])
+            else:
+                line_pre_exp_obj.set_data([], [])
+                line_post_exp_obj.set_data([], [])
+                if line_mode == "raw" and state.current_sweep_norm is not None:
+                    line_norm_obj.set_data(
+                        xs[: state.current_sweep_norm.size], state.current_sweep_norm
+                    )
+                else:
+                    line_norm_obj.set_data([], [])
+            ax_line.set_xlim(FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX)
+            if fixed_ylim is not None:
+                ax_line.set_ylim(fixed_ylim)
+            else:
+                ax_line.relim()
+                ax_line.autoscale_view(scalex=False, scaley=True)
+            ax_line.set_ylabel("Y")
+
+            # Профиль по глубине — используем уже вычисленный в ring IFFT.
+            if ring.last_fft_vals is not None and ring.fft_depth_axis_m is not None:
+                fft_vals = ring.last_fft_vals
+                xs_fft = ring.fft_depth_axis_m
+                n = min(fft_vals.size, xs_fft.size)
+                if n > 0:
+                    fft_line_obj.set_data(xs_fft[:n], fft_vals[:n])
+                else:
+                    fft_line_obj.set_data([], [])
+                if n > 0 and np.isfinite(np.nanmin(fft_vals)) and np.isfinite(np.nanmax(fft_vals)):
+                    ax_fft.set_xlim(0, float(xs_fft[n - 1]))
+                    ax_fft.set_ylim(float(np.nanmin(fft_vals)), float(np.nanmax(fft_vals)))
+
+        # Водопад сырых данных
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp = ring.get_display_ring()
+            if ring.x_shared is not None:
+                n = ring.x_shared.size
+                disp = disp[:n, :]
+            img_obj.set_data(disp)
+            img_obj.set_extent((0, ring.max_sweeps - 1, FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX))
+            ax_img.set_ylim(FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX)
+            levels = _visible_levels(disp, ax_img)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img_obj.set_clim(vmin=levels[0], vmax=levels[1])
+
+        # Водопад спектров
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp_fft = ring.get_display_ring_fft()
+            disp_fft = ring.subtract_recent_mean_fft(disp_fft, spec_mean_sec)
+            img_fft_obj.set_data(disp_fft)
+            depth_max = _fft_depth_max()
+            img_fft_obj.set_extent((0, ring.max_sweeps - 1, 0.0, depth_max))
+            ax_spec.set_ylim(0.0, depth_max)
+            levels = ring.compute_fft_levels(disp_fft, spec_clip)
+            if levels is not None:
+                try:
+                    c = float(contrast_slider.val) / 100.0 if contrast_slider is not None else 1.0
+                except Exception:
+                    c = 1.0
+                vmax_eff = levels[0] + c * (levels[1] - levels[0])
+                img_fft_obj.set_clim(vmin=levels[0], vmax=vmax_eff)
+
+        # Статус и подпись канала
+        if changed and state.current_info:
+            status_text.set_text(format_status(state.current_info))
+            channel_text.set_text(state.format_channel_label())
+            pipeline_text.set_text(f"{state.format_pipeline_status()} | cplx:{ring.fft_complex_mode}")
+            ref_text.set_text(state.format_reference_status())
+        elif changed:
+            pipeline_text.set_text(f"{state.format_pipeline_status()} | cplx:{ring.fft_complex_mode}")
+            ref_text.set_text(state.format_reference_status())
+
+        return (
+            line_obj,
+            line_norm_obj,
+            line_pre_exp_obj,
+            line_post_exp_obj,
+            line_env_lo,
+            line_env_hi,
+            img_obj,
+            fft_line_obj,
+            img_fft_obj,
+            status_text,
+            pipeline_text,
+            ref_text,
+            channel_text,
+        )
+
+    ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, interval=interval_ms, blit=False)
+    plt.show()
+    stop_event.set()
+    reader.join(timeout=1.0)

rfg_adc_plotter/gui/pyqtgraph_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,691 @@
+"""PyQtGraph-бэкенд реалтайм-плоттера свипов."""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import threading
+from queue import Queue
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import FREQ_MAX_GHZ, FREQ_MIN_GHZ
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_reader import SweepReader
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.normalizer import build_calib_envelopes
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.app_state import AppState, format_status
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+def _parse_ylim(ylim_str: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not ylim_str:
+        return None
+    try:
+        y0, y1 = ylim_str.split(",")
+        return (float(y0), float(y1))
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _parse_spec_clip(spec: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not spec:
+        return None
+    s = str(spec).strip().lower()
+    if s in ("off", "none", "no"):
+        return None
+    try:
+        p0, p1 = s.replace(";", ",").split(",")
+        low, high = float(p0), float(p1)
+        if not (0.0 <= low < high <= 100.0):
+            return None
+        return (low, high)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _visible_levels(
+    data: np.ndarray,
+    plot_item,
+    freq_min: Optional[float] = None,
+    freq_max: Optional[float] = None,
+) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    """(vmin, vmax) по текущей видимой области ImageItem.
+
+    Если freq_min/freq_max заданы, ось Y трактуется как частота [freq_min..freq_max]
+    и пересчитывается в индексы строк данных.
+    """
+    if data.size == 0:
+        return None
+    ny, nx = data.shape[0], data.shape[1]
+    try:
+        (x0, x1), (y0, y1) = plot_item.viewRange()
+    except Exception:
+        x0, x1 = 0.0, float(nx - 1)
+        y0, y1 = 0.0, float(ny - 1)
+    xmin, xmax = sorted((float(x0), float(x1)))
+    ymin, ymax = sorted((float(y0), float(y1)))
+    ix0 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.floor(xmin))))
+    ix1 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.ceil(xmax))))
+    if freq_min is not None and freq_max is not None and freq_max > freq_min:
+        span = freq_max - freq_min
+        iy0 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.floor((ymin - freq_min) / span * ny))))
+        iy1 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.ceil((ymax - freq_min) / span * ny))))
+    else:
+        iy0 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.floor(ymin))))
+        iy1 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.ceil(ymax))))
+    if ix1 < ix0:
+        ix1 = ix0
+    if iy1 < iy0:
+        iy1 = iy0
+    sub = data[iy0 : iy1 + 1, ix0 : ix1 + 1]
+    finite = np.isfinite(sub)
+    if not finite.any():
+        return None
+    vals = sub[finite]
+    vmin = float(np.min(vals))
+    vmax = float(np.max(vals))
+    if not (np.isfinite(vmin) and np.isfinite(vmax)) or vmin == vmax:
+        return None
+    return (vmin, vmax)
+
+
+def _short_path(path: str, max_len: int = 48) -> str:
+    p = str(path or "").strip()
+    if not p:
+        return "(не задан)"
+    if len(p) <= max_len:
+        return p
+    base = os.path.basename(p)
+    if len(base) <= max_len:
+        return f".../{base}"
+    return "..." + p[-(max_len - 3) :]
+
+
+def run_pyqtgraph(args):
+    """Быстрый GUI на PyQtGraph. Требует pyqtgraph и PyQt5/PySide6."""
+    try:
+        import pyqtgraph as pg
+        from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets  # noqa: F401
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            import pyqtgraph as pg
+            from PySide6 import QtCore, QtWidgets  # noqa: F401
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "pyqtgraph/PyQt5(PySide6) не найдены. Установите: pip install pyqtgraph PyQt5"
+            ) from e
+
+    q: Queue[SweepPacket] = Queue(maxsize=1000)
+    stop_event = threading.Event()
+    reader = SweepReader(
+        args.port,
+        args.baud,
+        q,
+        stop_event,
+        fancy=bool(args.fancy),
+        bin_mode=bool(getattr(args, "bin_mode", False)),
+        logscale=bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False)),
+        debug=bool(getattr(args, "debug", False)),
+    )
+    reader.start()
+
+    max_sweeps = int(max(10, args.max_sweeps))
+    max_fps = max(1.0, float(args.max_fps))
+    interval_ms = int(1000.0 / max_fps)
+    spec_clip = _parse_spec_clip(getattr(args, "spec_clip", None))
+    spec_mean_sec = float(getattr(args, "spec_mean_sec", 0.0))
+    fixed_ylim = _parse_ylim(getattr(args, "ylim", None))
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
+    logscale_enabled = bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False))
+
+    state = AppState(norm_type=norm_type)
+    state.configure_capture_import(fancy=bool(args.fancy), logscale=bool(getattr(args, "logscale", False)))
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps)
+    try:
+        ring.set_fft_complex_mode(str(getattr(args, "ifft_complex_mode", "arccos")))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        _qt_text_selectable = QtCore.Qt.TextSelectableByMouse
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            _qt_text_selectable = QtCore.Qt.TextInteractionFlag.TextSelectableByMouse
+        except Exception:
+            _qt_text_selectable = None
+
+    # --- Создание окна ---
+    pg.setConfigOptions(useOpenGL=True, antialias=False)
+    app = pg.mkQApp(args.title)
+    win = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget(show=True, title=args.title)
+    win.resize(1280, 760)
+
+    # График последнего свипа (слева-сверху)
+    p_line = win.addPlot(row=0, col=0, title="Сырые данные")
+    p_line.showGrid(x=True, y=True, alpha=0.3)
+    curve = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((80, 120, 255), width=1))
+    curve_norm = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((60, 180, 90), width=1))
+    curve_pre_exp = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((220, 60, 60), width=1))
+    curve_post_exp = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((60, 180, 90), width=1))
+    curve_env_lo = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((255, 165, 0), width=1, style=QtCore.Qt.DashLine))
+    curve_env_hi = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((255, 165, 0), width=1, style=QtCore.Qt.DashLine))
+    p_line.setLabel("bottom", "Частота, ГГц")
+    p_line.setLabel("left", "Y")
+    p_line.setXRange(3.323, 14.323, padding=0)
+    p_line.enableAutoRange(axis="x", enable=False)
+    ch_text = pg.TextItem("", anchor=(1, 1))
+    ch_text.setZValue(10)
+    p_line.addItem(ch_text)
+    if fixed_ylim is not None:
+        p_line.setYRange(fixed_ylim[0], fixed_ylim[1], padding=0)
+
+    # Водопад (справа-сверху)
+    p_img = win.addPlot(row=0, col=1, title="Сырые данные водопад")
+    p_img.invertY(False)
+    p_img.showGrid(x=False, y=False)
+    p_img.setLabel("bottom", "Время (новое справа)")
+    try:
+        p_img.getAxis("bottom").setStyle(showValues=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    p_img.setLabel("left", "Частота, ГГц")
+    p_img.enableAutoRange(enable=False)
+    img = pg.ImageItem()
+    p_img.addItem(img)
+
+    # Применяем LUT из цветовой карты
+    try:
+        cm = pg.colormap.get(args.cmap)
+        img.setLookupTable(cm.getLookupTable(0.0, 1.0, 256))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # FFT (слева-снизу)
+    p_fft = win.addPlot(row=1, col=0, title="FFT")
+    p_fft.showGrid(x=True, y=True, alpha=0.3)
+    curve_fft = p_fft.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((255, 120, 80), width=1))
+    p_fft.setLabel("bottom", "Глубина, м")
+    p_fft.setLabel("left", "Амплитуда")
+
+    # Водопад спектров (справа-снизу)
+    p_spec = win.addPlot(row=1, col=1, title="B-scan")
+    p_spec.invertY(True)
+    p_spec.showGrid(x=False, y=False)
+    p_spec.setLabel("bottom", "Время (новое справа)")
+    try:
+        p_spec.getAxis("bottom").setStyle(showValues=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    p_spec.setLabel("left", "Глубина, м")
+    img_fft = pg.ImageItem()
+    p_spec.addItem(img_fft)
+
+    # Блок управления калибровкой
+    calib_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    calib_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(calib_widget)
+    calib_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+    calib_layout.setSpacing(4)
+
+    calib_row_1 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
+    calib_row_1.setSpacing(8)
+    calib_row_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
+    calib_row_2.setSpacing(6)
+
+    calib_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox("калибровка")
+    calib_file_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox("из файла")
+    calib_file_cb.setEnabled(False)
+    calib_path_label = QtWidgets.QLabel()
+    calib_path_label.setMinimumWidth(260)
+    if _qt_text_selectable is not None:
+        calib_path_label.setTextInteractionFlags(_qt_text_selectable)
+    calib_pick_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Файл…")
+    calib_load_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Загрузить")
+    calib_save_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Сохранить env")
+    calib_sample_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("sample calib")
+
+    calib_row_1.addWidget(calib_cb)
+    calib_row_1.addWidget(calib_file_cb)
+    calib_row_1.addStretch(1)
+
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel("Калибр:"))
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(calib_path_label, 1)
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(calib_pick_btn)
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(calib_load_btn)
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(calib_save_btn)
+    calib_row_2.addWidget(calib_sample_btn)
+
+    calib_layout.addLayout(calib_row_1)
+    calib_layout.addLayout(calib_row_2)
+
+    cb_container_proxy = QtWidgets.QGraphicsProxyWidget()
+    cb_container_proxy.setWidget(calib_widget)
+    win.addItem(cb_container_proxy, row=2, col=1)
+
+    def _refresh_calib_controls():
+        calib_path_label.setText(_short_path(state.calib_envelope_path))
+        calib_path_label.setToolTip(state.calib_envelope_path)
+        calib_load_btn.setEnabled(bool(state.calib_envelope_path) and os.path.isfile(state.calib_envelope_path))
+        calib_save_btn.setEnabled(state.last_calib_sweep is not None)
+        # Переключатель file-mode доступен, если файл существует или уже загружен в память.
+        calib_file_cb.setEnabled(state.has_calib_envelope_file() or state.calib_file_envelope is not None)
+
+    def _on_calib_file_toggled(checked):
+        if checked:
+            ok = state.load_calib_reference()
+            if ok:
+                state.set_calib_mode("file")
+            else:
+                calib_file_cb.setChecked(False)
+        else:
+            state.set_calib_mode("live")
+        state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_calib_toggled(_v):
+        state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_pick_calib_path():
+        path, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
+            win,
+            "Выбрать источник калибровки (.npy или capture)",
+            state.calib_envelope_path,
+            "Все файлы (*);;NumPy (*.npy)",
+        )
+        if not path:
+            return
+        state.set_calib_envelope_path(path)
+        if calib_file_cb.isChecked():
+            if state.load_calib_reference():
+                state.set_calib_mode("file")
+                state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+            else:
+                calib_file_cb.setChecked(False)
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_load_calib():
+        if state.load_calib_reference():
+            if calib_file_cb.isChecked():
+                state.set_calib_mode("file")
+                state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_save_calib():
+        if state.save_calib_envelope():
+            if calib_file_cb.isChecked():
+                state.load_calib_envelope()
+                state.set_calib_mode("file")
+                state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_sample_calib():
+        sample_path = os.path.join("sample_data", "no_antennas_35dB_attenuators")
+        state.set_calib_envelope_path(sample_path)
+        if state.load_calib_reference():
+            calib_file_cb.setChecked(True)
+            state.set_calib_mode("file")
+            state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_calib_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    calib_cb.stateChanged.connect(_on_calib_toggled)
+    calib_file_cb.stateChanged.connect(lambda _v: _on_calib_file_toggled(calib_file_cb.isChecked()))
+    calib_pick_btn.clicked.connect(_on_pick_calib_path)
+    calib_load_btn.clicked.connect(_on_load_calib)
+    calib_save_btn.clicked.connect(_on_save_calib)
+    calib_sample_btn.clicked.connect(_on_sample_calib)
+
+    # Блок управления фоном
+    bg_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    bg_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(bg_widget)
+    bg_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+    bg_layout.setSpacing(4)
+
+    bg_row_1 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
+    bg_row_1.setSpacing(8)
+    bg_row_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
+    bg_row_2.setSpacing(6)
+
+    save_bg_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Сохранить фон")
+    load_bg_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Загрузить")
+    bg_pick_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Файл…")
+    bg_sample_btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton("sample bg")
+    bg_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox("вычет фона")
+    bg_cb.setEnabled(False)  # активируется при успешной загрузке/сохранении
+    bg_path_label = QtWidgets.QLabel()
+    bg_path_label.setMinimumWidth(260)
+    if _qt_text_selectable is not None:
+        bg_path_label.setTextInteractionFlags(_qt_text_selectable)
+
+    bg_row_1.addWidget(bg_cb)
+    bg_row_1.addStretch(1)
+
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel("Фон:"))
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(bg_path_label, 1)
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(bg_pick_btn)
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(load_bg_btn)
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(save_bg_btn)
+    bg_row_2.addWidget(bg_sample_btn)
+
+    bg_layout.addLayout(bg_row_1)
+    bg_layout.addLayout(bg_row_2)
+
+    bg_container_proxy = QtWidgets.QGraphicsProxyWidget()
+    bg_container_proxy.setWidget(bg_widget)
+    win.addItem(bg_container_proxy, row=2, col=0)
+
+    def _refresh_bg_controls():
+        bg_path_label.setText(_short_path(state.background_path))
+        bg_path_label.setToolTip(state.background_path)
+        load_bg_btn.setEnabled(bool(state.background_path) and os.path.isfile(state.background_path))
+        bg_cb.setEnabled(state.background is not None or state.background_source_type == "capture_raw")
+
+    def _on_pick_bg_path():
+        path, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
+            win,
+            "Выбрать источник фона (.npy или capture)",
+            state.background_path,
+            "Все файлы (*);;NumPy (*.npy)",
+        )
+        if not path:
+            return
+        state.set_background_path(path)
+        if bg_cb.isChecked():
+            if not state.load_background_reference():
+                bg_cb.setChecked(False)
+        _refresh_bg_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_load_bg():
+        state.load_background_reference()
+        _refresh_bg_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_save_bg():
+        ok = state.save_background()
+        if ok:
+            state.load_background()
+        _refresh_bg_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_bg_toggled(_v):
+        state.set_background_enabled(bg_cb.isChecked())
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    def _on_sample_bg():
+        sample_path = os.path.join("sample_data", "empty")
+        state.set_background_path(sample_path)
+        if state.load_background_reference():
+            bg_cb.setEnabled(True)
+        _refresh_bg_controls()
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    bg_pick_btn.clicked.connect(_on_pick_bg_path)
+    load_bg_btn.clicked.connect(_on_load_bg)
+    save_bg_btn.clicked.connect(_on_save_bg)
+    bg_cb.stateChanged.connect(_on_bg_toggled)
+    bg_sample_btn.clicked.connect(_on_sample_bg)
+
+    # Переключатель отображения верхнего линейного графика
+    line_mode_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    line_mode_layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(line_mode_widget)
+    line_mode_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+    line_mode_layout.setSpacing(8)
+    line_mode_layout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel("Линия:"))
+    line_mode_raw_rb = QtWidgets.QRadioButton("raw")
+    line_mode_proc_rb = QtWidgets.QRadioButton("processed")
+    line_mode_raw_rb.setChecked(True)
+    line_mode_layout.addWidget(line_mode_raw_rb)
+    line_mode_layout.addWidget(line_mode_proc_rb)
+    line_mode_layout.addStretch(1)
+    line_mode_proxy = QtWidgets.QGraphicsProxyWidget()
+    line_mode_proxy.setWidget(line_mode_widget)
+    win.addItem(line_mode_proxy, row=6, col=0, colspan=2)
+
+    def _line_mode() -> str:
+        return "processed" if line_mode_proc_rb.isChecked() else "raw"
+
+    # Переключатель режима реконструкции комплексного спектра перед IFFT
+    ifft_mode_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    ifft_mode_layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(ifft_mode_widget)
+    ifft_mode_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+    ifft_mode_layout.setSpacing(8)
+    ifft_mode_layout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel("IFFT mode:"))
+    ifft_mode_arccos_rb = QtWidgets.QRadioButton("arccos")
+    ifft_mode_diff_rb = QtWidgets.QRadioButton("diff")
+    if ring.fft_complex_mode == "diff":
+        ifft_mode_diff_rb.setChecked(True)
+    else:
+        ifft_mode_arccos_rb.setChecked(True)
+    ifft_mode_layout.addWidget(ifft_mode_arccos_rb)
+    ifft_mode_layout.addWidget(ifft_mode_diff_rb)
+    ifft_mode_layout.addStretch(1)
+    ifft_mode_proxy = QtWidgets.QGraphicsProxyWidget()
+    ifft_mode_proxy.setWidget(ifft_mode_widget)
+    win.addItem(ifft_mode_proxy, row=7, col=0, colspan=2)
+
+    # Статусная строка
+    status = pg.LabelItem(justify="left")
+    win.addItem(status, row=3, col=0, colspan=2)
+    pipeline_status = pg.LabelItem(justify="left")
+    win.addItem(pipeline_status, row=4, col=0, colspan=2)
+    ref_status = pg.LabelItem(justify="left")
+    win.addItem(ref_status, row=5, col=0, colspan=2)
+
+    def _refresh_pipeline_label():
+        txt = state.format_pipeline_status()
+        txt = f"{txt} | cplx:{ring.fft_complex_mode}"
+        trace = state.format_stage_trace()
+        if trace:
+            txt = f"{txt} | trace: {trace}"
+        pipeline_status.setText(txt)
+        ref_status.setText(state.format_reference_status())
+
+    def _apply_ifft_complex_mode(mode: str):
+        try:
+            changed = ring.set_fft_complex_mode(mode)
+        except Exception:
+            changed = False
+        if changed:
+            try:
+                curve_fft.setData([], [])
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    ifft_mode_arccos_rb.toggled.connect(
+        lambda checked: _apply_ifft_complex_mode("arccos") if checked else None
+    )
+    ifft_mode_diff_rb.toggled.connect(
+        lambda checked: _apply_ifft_complex_mode("diff") if checked else None
+    )
+
+    _refresh_calib_controls()
+    _refresh_bg_controls()
+    _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+    _imshow_initialized = [False]
+
+    FREQ_MIN = float(FREQ_MIN_GHZ)
+    FREQ_MAX = float(FREQ_MAX_GHZ)
+
+    def _fft_depth_max() -> float:
+        axis = ring.fft_depth_axis_m
+        if axis is None or axis.size == 0:
+            return 1.0
+        try:
+            vmax = float(axis[-1])
+        except Exception:
+            vmax = float(np.nanmax(axis))
+        if not np.isfinite(vmax) or vmax <= 0.0:
+            return 1.0
+        return vmax
+
+    def _init_imshow_extents():
+        ms = ring.max_sweeps
+        img.setImage(ring.ring.T, autoLevels=False)
+        img.setRect(pg.QtCore.QRectF(0.0, FREQ_MIN, float(ms), FREQ_MAX - FREQ_MIN))
+        p_img.setRange(xRange=(0, ms - 1), yRange=(FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX), padding=0)
+        p_line.setXRange(FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX, padding=0)
+        disp_fft = ring.get_display_ring_fft()
+        img_fft.setImage(disp_fft, autoLevels=False)
+        depth_max = _fft_depth_max()
+        img_fft.setRect(pg.QtCore.QRectF(0.0, 0.0, float(ms), depth_max))
+        p_spec.setRange(xRange=(0, ms - 1), yRange=(0.0, depth_max), padding=0)
+        p_fft.setXRange(0.0, depth_max, padding=0)
+
+    def _img_rect(ms: int) -> "pg.QtCore.QRectF":
+        return pg.QtCore.QRectF(0.0, FREQ_MIN, float(ms), FREQ_MAX - FREQ_MIN)
+
+    def update():
+        changed = state.drain_queue(q, ring) > 0
+
+        if changed and not _imshow_initialized[0] and ring.is_ready:
+            _init_imshow_extents()
+            _imshow_initialized[0] = True
+        if changed:
+            _refresh_calib_controls()
+            _refresh_bg_controls()
+            _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+        # Линейный график свипа
+        if state.current_sweep_raw is not None and ring.x_shared is not None:
+            raw = state.current_sweep_raw
+            xs = ring.x_shared[: raw.size] if raw.size <= ring.x_shared.size else np.arange(raw.size)
+            line_mode = _line_mode()
+            main = state.current_sweep_processed if line_mode == "processed" else raw
+            if main is not None:
+                curve.setData(xs[: main.size], main, autoDownsample=True)
+            else:
+                curve.setData([], [])
+            if line_mode == "raw":
+                if state.calib_mode == "file" and state.calib_file_envelope is not None:
+                    upper = np.asarray(state.calib_file_envelope, dtype=np.float32)
+                    n_env = min(xs.size, upper.size)
+                    if n_env > 0:
+                        x_env = xs[:n_env]
+                        y_env = upper[:n_env]
+                        curve_env_lo.setData(x_env, -y_env, autoDownsample=True)
+                        curve_env_hi.setData(x_env, y_env, autoDownsample=True)
+                    else:
+                        curve_env_lo.setData([], [])
+                        curve_env_hi.setData([], [])
+                elif state.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+                    calib = np.asarray(state.last_calib_sweep, dtype=np.float32)
+                    lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(calib)
+                    n_env = min(xs.size, upper.size, lower.size)
+                    if n_env > 0:
+                        curve_env_lo.setData(xs[:n_env], lower[:n_env], autoDownsample=True)
+                        curve_env_hi.setData(xs[:n_env], upper[:n_env], autoDownsample=True)
+                    else:
+                        curve_env_lo.setData([], [])
+                        curve_env_hi.setData([], [])
+                else:
+                    curve_env_lo.setData([], [])
+                    curve_env_hi.setData([], [])
+            else:
+                curve_env_lo.setData([], [])
+                curve_env_hi.setData([], [])
+            if logscale_enabled:
+                if state.current_sweep_pre_exp is not None:
+                    pre = state.current_sweep_pre_exp
+                    curve_pre_exp.setData(xs[: pre.size], pre, autoDownsample=True)
+                else:
+                    curve_pre_exp.setData([], [])
+
+                post = state.current_sweep_post_exp if state.current_sweep_post_exp is not None else raw
+                curve_post_exp.setData(xs[: post.size], post, autoDownsample=True)
+
+                if line_mode == "processed":
+                    if state.current_sweep_processed is not None:
+                        proc = state.current_sweep_processed
+                        curve.setData(xs[: proc.size], proc, autoDownsample=True)
+                    else:
+                        curve.setData([], [])
+                else:
+                    curve.setData(xs[: raw.size], raw, autoDownsample=True)
+                curve_norm.setData([], [])
+            else:
+                curve_pre_exp.setData([], [])
+                curve_post_exp.setData([], [])
+                if line_mode == "raw" and state.current_sweep_norm is not None:
+                    curve_norm.setData(
+                        xs[: state.current_sweep_norm.size],
+                        state.current_sweep_norm,
+                        autoDownsample=True,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    curve_norm.setData([], [])
+            if fixed_ylim is not None:
+                p_line.setYRange(fixed_ylim[0], fixed_ylim[1], padding=0)
+            else:
+                p_line.enableAutoRange(axis="y", enable=True)
+            p_line.setLabel("left", "Y")
+
+            # Профиль по глубине — используем уже вычисленный в ring IFFT.
+            if ring.last_fft_vals is not None and ring.fft_depth_axis_m is not None:
+                fft_vals = ring.last_fft_vals
+                xs_fft = ring.fft_depth_axis_m
+                n = min(fft_vals.size, xs_fft.size)
+                if n > 0:
+                    curve_fft.setData(xs_fft[:n], fft_vals[:n])
+                    p_fft.setXRange(0.0, float(xs_fft[n - 1]), padding=0)
+                    p_fft.setYRange(float(np.nanmin(fft_vals)), float(np.nanmax(fft_vals)), padding=0)
+
+            # Позиция подписи канала
+            try:
+                (x0, x1), (y0, y1) = p_line.viewRange()
+                dx = 0.01 * max(1.0, float(x1 - x0))
+                dy = 0.01 * max(1.0, float(y1 - y0))
+                ch_text.setPos(float(x1 - dx), float(y1 - dy))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # Водопад сырых данных — новые данные справа (без реверса)
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp = ring.get_display_ring()  # (width, time), новые справа
+            levels = _visible_levels(disp, p_img, FREQ_MIN, FREQ_MAX)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img.setImage(disp, autoLevels=False, levels=levels)
+            else:
+                img.setImage(disp, autoLevels=False)
+            img.setRect(_img_rect(ring.max_sweeps))
+
+        # Статус и подпись канала
+        if changed and state.current_info:
+            try:
+                status.setText(format_status(state.current_info))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            ch_text.setText(state.format_channel_label())
+        elif changed:
+            _refresh_pipeline_label()
+
+        # Водопад спектров — новые данные справа (без реверса)
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp_fft = ring.get_display_ring_fft()  # (bins, time), новые справа
+            disp_fft = ring.subtract_recent_mean_fft(disp_fft, spec_mean_sec)
+            levels = ring.compute_fft_levels(disp_fft, spec_clip)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img_fft.setImage(disp_fft, autoLevels=False, levels=levels)
+            else:
+                img_fft.setImage(disp_fft, autoLevels=False)
+            img_fft.setRect(pg.QtCore.QRectF(0.0, 0.0, float(ring.max_sweeps), _fft_depth_max()))
+
+    timer = pg.QtCore.QTimer()
+    timer.timeout.connect(update)
+    timer.start(interval_ms)
+
+    def on_quit():
+        stop_event.set()
+        reader.join(timeout=1.0)
+
+    app.aboutToQuit.connect(on_quit)
+    win.show()
+    exec_fn = getattr(app, "exec_", None) or getattr(app, "exec", None)
+    exec_fn()
+    on_quit()

rfg_adc_plotter/io/capture_reference_loader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+"""Загрузка эталонов (калибровка/фон) из .npy или бинарных capture-файлов."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import Counter
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import os
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_parser_core import BinaryRecordStreamParser, SweepAssembler
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class CaptureParseSummary:
+    path: str
+    format: str  # "npy" | "bin_capture"
+    sweeps_total: int
+    sweeps_valid: int
+    channels_seen: Tuple[int, ...]
+    dominant_width: Optional[int]
+    dominant_n_valid: Optional[int]
+    aggregation: str
+    warnings: Tuple[str, ...]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ReferenceLoadResult:
+    vector: np.ndarray
+    summary: CaptureParseSummary
+    kind: str  # "calibration_envelope" | "background_raw" | "background_processed"
+    source_type: str  # "npy" | "capture"
+
+
+def detect_reference_file_format(path: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Определить формат файла эталона: .npy или бинарный capture."""
+    p = str(path).strip()
+    if not p or not os.path.isfile(p):
+        return None
+    if p.lower().endswith(".npy"):
+        return "npy"
+
+    try:
+        size = os.path.getsize(p)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    if size <= 0 or (size % 8) != 0:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        with open(p, "rb") as f:
+            sample = f.read(min(size, 8 * 2048))
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+    if len(sample) < 8:
+        return None
+
+    # Быстрый sniff aligned-записей: в валидных записях байт 6 == 0x0A.
+    recs = len(sample) // 8
+    if recs <= 0:
+        return None
+    marker_hits = 0
+    start_hits = 0
+    for i in range(0, recs * 8, 8):
+        b = sample[i : i + 8]
+        if b[6] == 0x0A:
+            marker_hits += 1
+            if b[:6] == b"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff":
+                start_hits += 1
+    if marker_hits >= max(4, int(recs * 0.8)) and start_hits >= 1:
+        return "bin_capture"
+    return None
+
+
+def load_capture_sweeps(path: str, *, fancy: bool = False, logscale: bool = False) -> List[SweepPacket]:
+    """Загрузить свипы из бинарного capture-файла в формате --bin."""
+    parser = BinaryRecordStreamParser()
+    assembler = SweepAssembler(fancy=fancy, logscale=logscale, debug=False)
+    sweeps: List[SweepPacket] = []
+
+    with open(path, "rb") as f:
+        while True:
+            chunk = f.read(65536)
+            if not chunk:
+                break
+            events = parser.feed(chunk)
+            for ev in events:
+                packets = assembler.consume_binary_event(ev)
+                if packets:
+                    sweeps.extend(packets)
+    tail = assembler.finalize_current()
+    if tail is not None:
+        sweeps.append(tail)
+
+    return sweeps
+
+
+def _mode_int(values: Iterable[int]) -> Optional[int]:
+    vals = [int(v) for v in values]
+    if not vals:
+        return None
+    ctr = Counter(vals)
+    return int(max(ctr.items(), key=lambda kv: (kv[1], kv[0]))[0])
+
+
+def aggregate_capture_reference(
+    sweeps: List[SweepPacket],
+    *,
+    channel: int = 0,
+    method: str = "median",
+    path: str = "",
+) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, CaptureParseSummary]:
+    """Отфильтровать и агрегировать свипы из capture в один эталонный вектор."""
+    ch_target = int(channel)
+    meth = str(method).strip().lower() or "median"
+    warnings: list[str] = []
+
+    if meth != "median":
+        warnings.append(f"aggregation '{meth}' не поддерживается, использую median")
+        meth = "median"
+
+    channels_seen: set[int] = set()
+    candidate_rows: list[np.ndarray] = []
+    widths: list[int] = []
+    n_valids: list[int] = []
+
+    for sweep, info in sweeps:
+        chs = info.get("chs") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+        ch_set: set[int] = set()
+        if isinstance(chs, (list, tuple, set)):
+            for v in chs:
+                try:
+                    ch_set.add(int(v))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+        else:
+            try:
+                ch_set.add(int(info.get("ch", 0)))  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        channels_seen.update(ch_set)
+        if ch_target not in ch_set:
+            continue
+
+        row = np.asarray(sweep, dtype=np.float32).reshape(-1)
+        candidate_rows.append(row)
+        widths.append(int(row.size))
+        n_valids.append(int(np.count_nonzero(np.isfinite(row))))
+
+    sweeps_total = len(sweeps)
+    if not candidate_rows:
+        summary = CaptureParseSummary(
+            path=path,
+            format="bin_capture",
+            sweeps_total=sweeps_total,
+            sweeps_valid=0,
+            channels_seen=tuple(sorted(channels_seen)),
+            dominant_width=None,
+            dominant_n_valid=None,
+            aggregation=meth,
+            warnings=tuple(warnings + [f"канал ch{ch_target} не найден"]),
+        )
+        raise ValueError(summary.warnings[-1])
+
+    dominant_width = _mode_int(widths)
+    dominant_n_valid = _mode_int(n_valids)
+    if dominant_width is None or dominant_n_valid is None:
+        summary = CaptureParseSummary(
+            path=path,
+            format="bin_capture",
+            sweeps_total=sweeps_total,
+            sweeps_valid=0,
+            channels_seen=tuple(sorted(channels_seen)),
+            dominant_width=dominant_width,
+            dominant_n_valid=dominant_n_valid,
+            aggregation=meth,
+            warnings=tuple(warnings + ["не удалось определить доминирующие параметры свипа"]),
+        )
+        raise ValueError(summary.warnings[-1])
+
+    valid_rows: list[np.ndarray] = []
+    n_valid_threshold = max(1, int(np.floor(0.95 * dominant_n_valid)))
+    for row in candidate_rows:
+        if row.size != dominant_width:
+            continue
+        n_valid = int(np.count_nonzero(np.isfinite(row)))
+        if n_valid < n_valid_threshold:
+            continue
+        valid_rows.append(row)
+
+    if not valid_rows:
+        warnings.append("после фильтрации не осталось валидных свипов")
+        summary = CaptureParseSummary(
+            path=path,
+            format="bin_capture",
+            sweeps_total=sweeps_total,
+            sweeps_valid=0,
+            channels_seen=tuple(sorted(channels_seen)),
+            dominant_width=dominant_width,
+            dominant_n_valid=dominant_n_valid,
+            aggregation=meth,
+            warnings=tuple(warnings),
+        )
+        raise ValueError(summary.warnings[-1])
+
+    # Детерминированная агрегация: медиана по валидным свипам.
+    stack = np.stack(valid_rows, axis=0).astype(np.float32, copy=False)
+    vector = np.nanmedian(stack, axis=0).astype(np.float32, copy=False)
+
+    if len(valid_rows) < len(candidate_rows):
+        warnings.append(f"отфильтровано {len(candidate_rows) - len(valid_rows)} неполных/нестандартных свипов")
+
+    summary = CaptureParseSummary(
+        path=path,
+        format="bin_capture",
+        sweeps_total=sweeps_total,
+        sweeps_valid=len(valid_rows),
+        channels_seen=tuple(sorted(channels_seen)),
+        dominant_width=dominant_width,
+        dominant_n_valid=dominant_n_valid,
+        aggregation=meth,
+        warnings=tuple(warnings),
+    )
+    return vector, summary

rfg_adc_plotter/io/serial_source.py

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+"""Источники последовательного ввода: обёртки над pyserial и raw TTY."""
+
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def try_open_pyserial(path: str, baud: int, timeout: float):
+    try:
+        import serial  # type: ignore
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    try:
+        ser = serial.Serial(path, baudrate=baud, timeout=timeout)
+        return ser
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+class FDReader:
+    """Простой враппер чтения строк из файлового дескриптора TTY."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fd: int):
+        self._fd = fd
+        raw = os.fdopen(fd, "rb", closefd=False)
+        self._file = raw
+        self._buf = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffer_size=65536)
+
+    def fileno(self) -> int:
+        return self._fd
+
+    def readline(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._buf.readline()
+
+    def close(self):
+        try:
+            self._buf.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+def open_raw_tty(path: str, baud: int) -> Optional[FDReader]:
+    """Открыть TTY без pyserial и настроить порт через termios.
+
+    Возвращает FDReader или None при ошибке.
+    """
+    try:
+        import termios
+        import tty
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        fd = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NOCTTY)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        attrs = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+        tty.setraw(fd)
+
+        baud_map = {
+            9600: termios.B9600,
+            19200: termios.B19200,
+            38400: termios.B38400,
+            57600: termios.B57600,
+            115200: termios.B115200,
+            230400: getattr(termios, "B230400", None),
+            460800: getattr(termios, "B460800", None),
+        }
+        b = baud_map.get(baud) or termios.B115200
+
+        attrs[4] = b  # ispeed
+        attrs[5] = b  # ospeed
+
+        # VMIN=1, VTIME=0 — блокирующее чтение по байту
+        cc = attrs[6]
+        cc[termios.VMIN] = 1
+        cc[termios.VTIME] = 0
+        attrs[6] = cc
+
+        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            os.close(fd)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return None
+
+    return FDReader(fd)
+
+
+class SerialLineSource:
+    """Единый интерфейс для чтения строк из порта (pyserial или raw TTY)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, path: str, baud: int, timeout: float = 1.0):
+        self._pyserial = try_open_pyserial(path, baud, timeout)
+        self._fdreader = None
+        self._using = "pyserial" if self._pyserial is not None else "raw"
+        if self._pyserial is None:
+            self._fdreader = open_raw_tty(path, baud)
+            if self._fdreader is None:
+                msg = f"Не удалось открыть порт '{path}' (pyserial и raw TTY не сработали)"
+                if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
+                    msg += ". На Windows нужен pyserial: pip install pyserial"
+                raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+    def readline(self) -> bytes:
+        if self._pyserial is not None:
+            try:
+                return self._pyserial.readline()
+            except Exception:
+                return b""
+        else:
+            try:
+                return self._fdreader.readline()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+            except Exception:
+                return b""
+
+    def close(self):
+        try:
+            if self._pyserial is not None:
+                self._pyserial.close()
+            elif self._fdreader is not None:
+                self._fdreader.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+class SerialChunkReader:
+    """Быстрое неблокирующее чтение чанков из serial/raw TTY для максимального дренажа буфера."""
+
+    def __init__(self, src: SerialLineSource):
+        self._src = src
+        self._ser = src._pyserial
+        self._fd: Optional[int] = None
+        if self._ser is not None:
+            try:
+                self._ser.timeout = 0
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        else:
+            try:
+                self._fd = src._fdreader.fileno()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                try:
+                    os.set_blocking(self._fd, False)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            except Exception:
+                self._fd = None
+
+    def read_available(self) -> bytes:
+        """Вернёт доступные байты (b"" если данных нет)."""
+        if self._ser is not None:
+            try:
+                n = int(getattr(self._ser, "in_waiting", 0))
+            except Exception:
+                n = 0
+            if n > 0:
+                try:
+                    return self._ser.read(n)
+                except Exception:
+                    return b""
+            return b""
+        if self._fd is None:
+            return b""
+        out = bytearray()
+        while True:
+            try:
+                chunk = os.read(self._fd, 65536)
+                if not chunk:
+                    break
+                out += chunk
+                if len(chunk) < 65536:
+                    break
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                break
+            except Exception:
+                break
+        return bytes(out)

rfg_adc_plotter/io/sweep_parser_core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+"""Переиспользуемые компоненты парсинга бинарных свипов и сборки SweepPacket."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import deque
+import time
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD, LOG_EXP
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepInfo, SweepPacket
+
+# Binary parser events:
+#   ("start", ch)
+#   ("point", ch, x, y)
+BinaryEvent = Tuple[str, int] | Tuple[str, int, int, int]
+
+
+def u32_to_i32(v: int) -> int:
+    """Преобразование 32-bit слова в знаковое значение."""
+    return v - 0x1_0000_0000 if (v & 0x8000_0000) else v
+
+
+class BinaryRecordStreamParser:
+    """Инкрементальный парсер бинарных записей протокола (по 8 байт)."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._buf = bytearray()
+        self.bytes_consumed: int = 0
+        self.start_count: int = 0
+        self.point_count: int = 0
+        self.desync_count: int = 0
+
+    def feed(self, data: bytes) -> List[BinaryEvent]:
+        if data:
+            self._buf += data
+        events: List[BinaryEvent] = []
+        buf = self._buf
+
+        while len(buf) >= 8:
+            w0 = int(buf[0]) | (int(buf[1]) << 8)
+            w1 = int(buf[2]) | (int(buf[3]) << 8)
+            w2 = int(buf[4]) | (int(buf[5]) << 8)
+
+            if w0 == 0xFFFF and w1 == 0xFFFF and w2 == 0xFFFF and buf[6] == 0x0A:
+                ch = int(buf[7])
+                events.append(("start", ch))
+                del buf[:8]
+                self.bytes_consumed += 8
+                self.start_count += 1
+                continue
+
+            if buf[6] == 0x0A:
+                ch = int(buf[7])
+                value_u32 = (w1 << 16) | w2
+                events.append(("point", ch, int(w0), u32_to_i32(value_u32)))
+                del buf[:8]
+                self.bytes_consumed += 8
+                self.point_count += 1
+                continue
+
+            del buf[:1]
+            self.bytes_consumed += 1
+            self.desync_count += 1
+
+        return events
+
+    def buffered_size(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._buf)
+
+    def clear_buffer_keep_tail(self, max_tail: int = 262_144):
+        if len(self._buf) > max_tail:
+            del self._buf[:-max_tail]
+
+
+class SweepAssembler:
+    """Собирает точки в свип и применяет ту же постобработку, что realtime parser."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fancy: bool = False, logscale: bool = False, debug: bool = False):
+        self._fancy = bool(fancy)
+        self._logscale = bool(logscale)
+        self._debug = bool(debug)
+
+        self._max_width: int = 0
+        self._sweep_idx: int = 0
+        self._last_sweep_ts: Optional[float] = None
+        self._n_valid_hist = deque()
+
+        self._xs: list[int] = []
+        self._ys: list[int] = []
+        self._cur_channel: Optional[int] = None
+        self._cur_channels: set[int] = set()
+
+    def reset_current(self):
+        self._xs.clear()
+        self._ys.clear()
+        self._cur_channel = None
+        self._cur_channels.clear()
+
+    def add_point(self, ch: int, x: int, y: int):
+        if self._cur_channel is None:
+            self._cur_channel = int(ch)
+        self._cur_channels.add(int(ch))
+        self._xs.append(int(x))
+        self._ys.append(int(y))
+
+    def start_new_sweep(self, ch: int, now_ts: Optional[float] = None) -> Optional[SweepPacket]:
+        packet = self.finalize_current(now_ts=now_ts)
+        self.reset_current()
+        self._cur_channel = int(ch)
+        self._cur_channels.add(int(ch))
+        return packet
+
+    def consume_binary_event(self, event: BinaryEvent, now_ts: Optional[float] = None) -> List[SweepPacket]:
+        out: List[SweepPacket] = []
+        tag = event[0]
+        if tag == "start":
+            packet = self.start_new_sweep(int(event[1]), now_ts=now_ts)
+            if packet is not None:
+                out.append(packet)
+            return out
+        # point
+        _tag, ch, x, y = event  # type: ignore[misc]
+        self.add_point(int(ch), int(x), int(y))
+        return out
+
+    def finalize_arrays(
+        self,
+        xs: Sequence[int],
+        ys: Sequence[int],
+        channels: Optional[Set[int]],
+        now_ts: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Optional[SweepPacket]:
+        if self._debug:
+            if not xs:
+                import sys
+                sys.stderr.write("[debug] _finalize_current: xs пуст — свип пропущен\n")
+            else:
+                import sys
+                sys.stderr.write(
+                    f"[debug] _finalize_current: {len(xs)} точек → свип #{self._sweep_idx + 1}\n"
+                )
+        if not xs:
+            return None
+
+        ch_list = sorted(channels) if channels else [0]
+        ch_primary = ch_list[0] if ch_list else 0
+        max_x = max(int(v) for v in xs)
+        width = max_x + 1
+        self._max_width = max(self._max_width, width)
+        target_width = self._max_width if self._fancy else width
+
+        sweep = np.full((target_width,), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        try:
+            idx = np.asarray(xs, dtype=np.int64)
+            vals = np.asarray(ys, dtype=np.float32)
+            sweep[idx] = vals
+        except Exception:
+            for x, y in zip(xs, ys):
+                xi = int(x)
+                if 0 <= xi < target_width:
+                    sweep[xi] = float(y)
+
+        n_valid_cur = int(np.count_nonzero(np.isfinite(sweep)))
+
+        if self._fancy:
+            try:
+                known = ~np.isnan(sweep)
+                if np.any(known):
+                    known_idx = np.nonzero(known)[0]
+                    for i0, i1 in zip(known_idx[:-1], known_idx[1:]):
+                        if i1 - i0 > 1:
+                            avg = (sweep[i0] + sweep[i1]) * 0.5
+                            sweep[i0 + 1 : i1] = avg
+                    first_idx = int(known_idx[0])
+                    last_idx = int(known_idx[-1])
+                    if first_idx > 0:
+                        sweep[:first_idx] = sweep[first_idx]
+                    if last_idx < sweep.size - 1:
+                        sweep[last_idx + 1 :] = sweep[last_idx]
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        try:
+            m = float(np.nanmean(sweep))
+            if np.isfinite(m) and m < DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD:
+                sweep *= -1.0
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        pre_exp_sweep = None
+        if self._logscale:
+            try:
+                pre_exp_sweep = sweep.copy()
+                with np.errstate(over="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
+                    sweep = np.power(LOG_EXP, np.asarray(sweep, dtype=np.float64)).astype(np.float32)
+                sweep[~np.isfinite(sweep)] = np.nan
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        self._sweep_idx += 1
+        if len(ch_list) > 1:
+            import sys
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[warn] Sweep {self._sweep_idx}: изменялся номер канала: {ch_list}\n")
+
+        now = float(time.time() if now_ts is None else now_ts)
+        if self._last_sweep_ts is None:
+            dt_ms = float("nan")
+        else:
+            dt_ms = (now - self._last_sweep_ts) * 1000.0
+        self._last_sweep_ts = now
+
+        self._n_valid_hist.append((now, n_valid_cur))
+        while self._n_valid_hist and (now - self._n_valid_hist[0][0]) > 1.0:
+            self._n_valid_hist.popleft()
+        if self._n_valid_hist:
+            n_valid = float(sum(v for _t, v in self._n_valid_hist) / len(self._n_valid_hist))
+        else:
+            n_valid = float(n_valid_cur)
+
+        if n_valid_cur > 0:
+            vmin = float(np.nanmin(sweep))
+            vmax = float(np.nanmax(sweep))
+            mean = float(np.nanmean(sweep))
+            std = float(np.nanstd(sweep))
+        else:
+            vmin = vmax = mean = std = float("nan")
+
+        info: SweepInfo = {
+            "sweep": self._sweep_idx,
+            "ch": ch_primary,
+            "chs": ch_list,
+            "n_valid": n_valid,
+            "min": vmin,
+            "max": vmax,
+            "mean": mean,
+            "std": std,
+            "dt_ms": dt_ms,
+        }
+        if pre_exp_sweep is not None:
+            info["pre_exp_sweep"] = pre_exp_sweep
+
+        return (sweep, info)
+
+    def finalize_current(self, now_ts: Optional[float] = None) -> Optional[SweepPacket]:
+        return self.finalize_arrays(self._xs, self._ys, self._cur_channels, now_ts=now_ts)

rfg_adc_plotter/io/sweep_reader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+"""Фоновый поток чтения и парсинга свипов из последовательного порта."""
+
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+from queue import Full, Queue
+from typing import Optional
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_parser_core import BinaryRecordStreamParser, SweepAssembler
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.serial_source import SerialChunkReader, SerialLineSource
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+class SweepReader(threading.Thread):
+    """Фоновый поток: читает строки, формирует завершённые свипы и кладёт в очередь."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        port_path: str,
+        baud: int,
+        out_queue: "Queue[SweepPacket]",
+        stop_event: threading.Event,
+        fancy: bool = False,
+        bin_mode: bool = False,
+        logscale: bool = False,
+        debug: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(daemon=True)
+        self._port_path = port_path
+        self._baud = baud
+        self._q = out_queue
+        self._stop = stop_event
+        self._src: Optional[SerialLineSource] = None
+        self._fancy = bool(fancy)
+        self._bin_mode = bool(bin_mode)
+        self._logscale = bool(logscale)
+        self._debug = bool(debug)
+        self._assembler = SweepAssembler(fancy=self._fancy, logscale=self._logscale, debug=self._debug)
+
+    def _finalize_current(self, xs, ys, channels: Optional[set]):
+        packet = self._assembler.finalize_arrays(xs, ys, channels)
+        if packet is None:
+            return
+        sweep, info = packet
+        try:
+            self._q.put_nowait((sweep, info))
+        except Full:
+            try:
+                _ = self._q.get_nowait()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                self._q.put_nowait((sweep, info))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def _run_ascii_stream(self, chunk_reader: SerialChunkReader):
+        xs: list[int] = []
+        ys: list[int] = []
+        cur_channel: Optional[int] = None
+        cur_channels: set[int] = set()
+
+        buf = bytearray()
+        _dbg_line_count = 0
+        _dbg_match_count = 0
+        _dbg_sweep_count = 0
+        while not self._stop.is_set():
+            data = chunk_reader.read_available()
+            if data:
+                buf += data
+            else:
+                time.sleep(0.0005)
+                continue
+
+            while True:
+                nl = buf.find(b"\n")
+                if nl == -1:
+                    break
+                line = bytes(buf[:nl])
+                del buf[: nl + 1]
+                if line.endswith(b"\r"):
+                    line = line[:-1]
+                if not line:
+                    continue
+
+                _dbg_line_count += 1
+
+                if line.startswith(b"Sweep_start"):
+                    if self._debug:
+                        sys.stderr.write(f"[debug] ASCII строка #{_dbg_line_count}: Sweep_start → финализация свипа\n")
+                        _dbg_sweep_count += 1
+                    self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+                    xs.clear()
+                    ys.clear()
+                    cur_channel = None
+                    cur_channels.clear()
+                    continue
+
+                if len(line) >= 3:
+                    parts = line.split()
+                    if len(parts) >= 3 and (parts[0].lower() == b"s" or parts[0].lower().startswith(b"s")):
+                        try:
+                            if parts[0].lower() == b"s":
+                                if len(parts) >= 4:
+                                    ch = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                    x = int(parts[2], 10)
+                                    y = int(parts[3], 10)
+                                else:
+                                    ch = 0
+                                    x = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                    y = int(parts[2], 10)
+                            else:
+                                ch = int(parts[0][1:], 10)
+                                x = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                y = int(parts[2], 10)
+                        except Exception:
+                            if self._debug and _dbg_line_count <= 5:
+                                hex_repr = " ".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in line[:16])
+                                sys.stderr.write(
+                                    f"[debug] ASCII строка #{_dbg_line_count} ({len(line)} байт): {hex_repr}"
+                                    f"{'...' if len(line) > 16 else ''}  → похожа на 's', но не парсится\n"
+                                )
+                            continue
+                        _dbg_match_count += 1
+                        if self._debug and _dbg_match_count <= 3:
+                            sys.stderr.write(f"[debug] ASCII точка: ch={ch} x={x} y={y}\n")
+                        if cur_channel is None:
+                            cur_channel = ch
+                        cur_channels.add(ch)
+                        xs.append(x)
+                        ys.append(y)
+                        continue
+
+                if self._debug and _dbg_line_count <= 5:
+                    hex_repr = " ".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in line[:16])
+                    sys.stderr.write(
+                        f"[debug] ASCII строка #{_dbg_line_count} ({len(line)} байт): {hex_repr}"
+                        f"{'...' if len(line) > 16 else ''}  → нет совпадения\n"
+                    )
+
+                if self._debug and _dbg_line_count % 100 == 0:
+                    sys.stderr.write(
+                        f"[debug] ASCII статистика: строк={_dbg_line_count}, "
+                        f"совпадений={_dbg_match_count}, свипов={_dbg_sweep_count}\n"
+                    )
+
+            if len(buf) > 1_000_000:
+                del buf[:-262144]
+
+        self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+
+    def _run_binary_stream(self, chunk_reader: SerialChunkReader):
+        xs: list[int] = []
+        ys: list[int] = []
+        cur_channel: Optional[int] = None
+        cur_channels: set[int] = set()
+        parser = BinaryRecordStreamParser()
+
+        # Бинарный протокол (4 слова LE u16 = 8 байт на запись):
+        #   старт свипа: 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, (ch<<8)|0x0A
+        #     Байты на проводе: ff ff  ff ff  ff ff  0a [ch]
+        #     ch=0 → последнее слово=0x000A; ch=1 → 0x010A; и т.д.
+        #   точка данных: step_u16, value_hi_u16, value_lo_u16, (ch<<8)|0x0A
+        #     Байты на проводе: [step_lo step_hi] [hi_lo hi_hi] [lo_lo lo_hi] 0a [ch]
+        #     value_i32 = sign_extend((value_hi<<16)|value_lo)
+        #   Признак записи: байт 6 == 0x0A, байт 7 — номер канала.
+        #   При десинхронизации сдвигаемся на 1 БАЙТ (не слово) для самосинхронизации.
+
+        _dbg_byte_count = 0
+        _dbg_desync_count = 0
+        _dbg_sweep_count = 0
+        _dbg_point_count = 0
+        while not self._stop.is_set():
+            data = chunk_reader.read_available()
+            if data:
+                events = parser.feed(data)
+            else:
+                time.sleep(0.0005)
+                continue
+
+            for ev in events:
+                tag = ev[0]
+                if tag == "start":
+                    ch_new = int(ev[1])
+                    if self._debug:
+                        sys.stderr.write(f"[debug] BIN: старт свипа, ch={ch_new}\n")
+                        _dbg_sweep_count += 1
+                    self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+                    xs.clear()
+                    ys.clear()
+                    cur_channels.clear()
+                    cur_channel = ch_new
+                    cur_channels.add(cur_channel)
+                    continue
+
+                _tag, ch_from_term, step, value_i32 = ev  # type: ignore[misc]
+                if cur_channel is None:
+                    cur_channel = int(ch_from_term)
+                cur_channels.add(int(cur_channel))
+                xs.append(int(step))
+                ys.append(int(value_i32))
+                _dbg_point_count += 1
+                if self._debug and _dbg_point_count <= 3:
+                    sys.stderr.write(
+                        f"[debug] BIN точка: step={int(step)} ch={int(ch_from_term)} → value={int(value_i32)}\n"
+                    )
+
+            _dbg_byte_count = parser.bytes_consumed
+            _dbg_desync_count = parser.desync_count
+
+            if self._debug and _dbg_byte_count > 0 and _dbg_byte_count % 4000 < 8:
+                sys.stderr.write(
+                    f"[debug] BIN статистика: байт={_dbg_byte_count}, "
+                    f"десинхронизаций={_dbg_desync_count}, точек={_dbg_point_count}, свипов={_dbg_sweep_count}\n"
+                )
+
+            if parser.buffered_size() > 1_000_000:
+                parser.clear_buffer_keep_tail(262_144)
+
+        self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+
+    def run(self):
+
+        try:
+            self._src = SerialLineSource(self._port_path, self._baud, timeout=1.0)
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[info] Открыл порт {self._port_path} ({self._src._using})\n")
+        except Exception as e:
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[error] {e}\n")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            chunk_reader = SerialChunkReader(self._src)
+            if self._debug:
+                mode_str = "бинарный (--bin)" if self._bin_mode else "ASCII (по умолчанию)"
+                sys.stderr.write(f"[debug] Режим парсера: {mode_str}\n")
+            if self._bin_mode:
+                self._run_binary_stream(chunk_reader)
+            else:
+                self._run_ascii_stream(chunk_reader)
+        finally:
+            try:
+                if self._src is not None:
+                    self._src.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass

rfg_adc_plotter/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Реалтайм-плоттер для свипов из виртуального COM-порта.
+
+Формат строк:
+  - "Sweep_start" — начало нового свипа (предыдущий считается завершённым)
+  - "s CH X Y" — точка (номер канала, индекс X, значение Y), все целые со знаком
+
+Отрисовываются четыре графика:
+  - Сырые данные: последний полученный свип (Y vs X)
+  - Водопад сырых данных: последние N свипов
+  - FFT текущего свипа
+  - B-scan: водопад FFT-строк
+
+Зависимости: numpy. PySerial опционален — при его отсутствии
+используется сырой доступ к TTY через termios.
+GUI: matplotlib (совместимый) или pyqtgraph (быстрый).
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import sys
+
+
+def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description=(
+            "Читает свипы из виртуального COM-порта и рисует: "
+            "последний свип и водопад (реалтайм)."
+        )
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "port",
+        help="Путь к порту, например /dev/ttyACM1 или COM3 (COM10+: \\\\.\\COM10)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--baud", type=int, default=115200, help="Скорость (по умолчанию 115200)")
+    parser.add_argument("--max-sweeps", type=int, default=200, help="Количество видимых свипов в водопаде")
+    parser.add_argument("--max-fps", type=float, default=30.0, help="Лимит частоты отрисовки, кадров/с")
+    parser.add_argument("--cmap", default="viridis", help="Цветовая карта водопада")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--spec-clip",
+        default="2,98",
+        help=(
+            "Процентильная обрезка уровней водопада спектров, %% (min,max). "
+            "Напр. 2,98. 'off' — отключить"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--spec-mean-sec",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.0,
+        help=(
+            "Вычитание среднего по каждой частоте за последние N секунд "
+            "в водопаде спектров (0 — отключить)"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--title", default="ADC Sweeps", help="Заголовок окна")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--fancy",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Заполнять выпавшие точки средними значениями между соседними",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ylim",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Фиксированные Y-пределы для кривой формата min,max (например -1000,1000). По умолчанию авто",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--backend",
+        choices=["auto", "pg", "mpl"],
+        default="auto",
+        help="Графический бэкенд: pyqtgraph (pg) — быстрее; matplotlib (mpl) — совместимый. По умолчанию auto",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--norm-type",
+        choices=["projector", "simple"],
+        default="projector",
+        help="Тип нормировки: projector (по огибающим в [-1000,+1000]) или simple (raw/calib)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ifft-complex-mode",
+        choices=["arccos", "diff"],
+        default="arccos",
+        help=(
+            "Режим реконструкции комплексного спектра перед IFFT: "
+            "arccos (phi=arccos(x), unwrap) или diff (sin(phi) через численную производную)"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--bin",
+        dest="bin_mode",
+        action="store_true",
+        help=(
+            "Бинарный протокол (8 байт на запись, LE u16 слова): "
+            "старт свипа ff ff ff ff ff ff 0a [ch]; "
+            "точка step_u16 hi_u16 lo_u16 0a [ch]; "
+            "value=sign_ext((hi<<16)|lo); ch=0..N в старшем байте маркера"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--logscale",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="После поправки знака применять экспоненту LOG_EXP**x (LOG_EXP=2)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--debug",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Отладочный вывод парсера: показывает принятые строки/слова и причины отсутствия свипов",
+    )
+    return parser
+
+
+def main():
+    args = build_parser().parse_args()
+
+    if args.backend == "pg":
+        from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.pyqtgraph_backend import run_pyqtgraph
+        try:
+            run_pyqtgraph(args)
+        except Exception as e:
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[error] PyQtGraph бэкенд недоступен: {e}\n")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        return
+
+    if args.backend == "auto":
+        try:
+            from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.pyqtgraph_backend import run_pyqtgraph
+            run_pyqtgraph(args)
+            return
+        except Exception:
+            pass  # Откатываемся на matplotlib
+
+    from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.matplotlib_backend import run_matplotlib
+    run_matplotlib(args)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

rfg_adc_plotter/processing/fourier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+"""Преобразование свипа в IFFT-профиль по глубине (м).
+
+Поддерживает несколько режимов восстановления комплексного спектра перед IFFT:
+- ``arccos``: phi = arccos(x), continuous unwrap, z = exp(1j*phi)
+- ``diff``:   x ~= cos(phi), diff(x) -> sin(phi), z = cos + 1j*sin (с проекцией на единичную окружность)
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from typing import Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import (
+    FREQ_MAX_GHZ,
+    FREQ_MIN_GHZ,
+    FREQ_SPAN_GHZ,
+    IFFT_LEN,
+    SPEED_OF_LIGHT_M_S,
+)
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_EPS = 1e-12
+_TWO_PI = float(2.0 * np.pi)
+_VALID_COMPLEX_MODES = {"arccos", "diff"}
+
+
+def _fallback_depth_response(
+    size: int,
+    values: Optional[np.ndarray] = None,
+) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Безопасный fallback для GUI/ring: всегда возвращает ненулевую длину."""
+    n = max(1, int(size))
+    depth = np.linspace(0.0, 1.0, n, dtype=np.float32)
+    if values is None:
+        return depth, np.zeros((n,), dtype=np.float32)
+
+    arr = np.asarray(values)
+    if arr.size == 0:
+        return depth, np.zeros((n,), dtype=np.float32)
+
+    if np.iscomplexobj(arr):
+        src = np.abs(arr)
+    else:
+        src = np.abs(np.nan_to_num(arr, nan=0.0, posinf=0.0, neginf=0.0))
+    src = np.asarray(src, dtype=np.float32).ravel()
+
+    out = np.zeros((n,), dtype=np.float32)
+    take = min(n, src.size)
+    if take > 0:
+        out[:take] = src[:take]
+    return depth, out
+
+
+def _normalize_complex_mode(mode: str) -> str:
+    m = str(mode).strip().lower()
+    if m not in _VALID_COMPLEX_MODES:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid complex reconstruction mode: {mode!r}")
+    return m
+
+
+def build_ifft_time_axis_ns() -> np.ndarray:
+    """Legacy helper: старая временная ось IFFT в наносекундах (фиксированная длина)."""
+    return (
+        np.arange(IFFT_LEN, dtype=np.float64) / (FREQ_SPAN_GHZ * 1e9) * 1e9
+    ).astype(np.float32)
+
+
+def build_frequency_axis_hz(sweep_width: int) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Построить частотную сетку (Гц) для текущей длины свипа."""
+    n = int(sweep_width)
+    if n <= 0:
+        return np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.float64)
+    if n == 1:
+        return np.array([FREQ_MIN_GHZ * 1e9], dtype=np.float64)
+    return np.linspace(FREQ_MIN_GHZ * 1e9, FREQ_MAX_GHZ * 1e9, n, dtype=np.float64)
+
+
+def normalize_trace_unit_range(x: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Signed-нормировка массива по max(abs(.)) в диапазон около [-1, 1]."""
+    arr = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64).ravel()
+    if arr.size == 0:
+        return arr
+    arr = np.nan_to_num(arr, nan=0.0, posinf=0.0, neginf=0.0)
+    amax = float(np.max(np.abs(arr)))
+    if (not np.isfinite(amax)) or amax <= _EPS:
+        return np.zeros_like(arr, dtype=np.float64)
+    return arr / amax
+
+
+def normalize_sweep_for_phase(sweep: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Совместимый alias: нормировка свипа перед восстановлением фазы."""
+    return normalize_trace_unit_range(sweep)
+
+
+def unwrap_arccos_phase_continuous(x_norm: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Непрерывно развернуть фазу, восстановленную через arccos.
+
+    Для каждой точки рассматриваются ветви ±phi + 2πk и выбирается кандидат,
+    ближайший к предыдущей фазе (nearest continuous).
+    """
+    x = np.asarray(x_norm, dtype=np.float64).ravel()
+    if x.size == 0:
+        return np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.float64)
+    x = np.nan_to_num(x, nan=0.0, posinf=1.0, neginf=-1.0)
+    x = np.clip(x, -1.0, 1.0)
+    phi0 = np.arccos(x)
+
+    out = np.empty_like(phi0, dtype=np.float64)
+    out[0] = float(phi0[0])
+    for i in range(1, phi0.size):
+        base_phi = float(phi0[i])
+        prev = float(out[i - 1])
+
+        best_cand: Optional[float] = None
+        best_key: Optional[tuple[float, float]] = None
+
+        for sign in (1.0, -1.0):
+            base = sign * base_phi
+            k_center = int(np.round((prev - base) / _TWO_PI))
+            for k in (k_center - 1, k_center, k_center + 1):
+                cand = base + _TWO_PI * float(k)
+                step = abs(cand - prev)
+                # Tie-break: при равенстве шага предпочесть больший кандидат.
+                key = (step, -cand)
+                if best_key is None or key < best_key:
+                    best_key = key
+                    best_cand = cand
+
+        out[i] = prev if best_cand is None else float(best_cand)
+    return out
+
+
+def reconstruct_complex_spectrum_arccos(sweep: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Режим arccos: cos(phi) -> phi -> exp(i*phi)."""
+    x_norm = normalize_trace_unit_range(sweep)
+    if x_norm.size == 0:
+        return np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.complex128)
+    phi = unwrap_arccos_phase_continuous(np.clip(x_norm, -1.0, 1.0))
+    return np.exp(1j * phi).astype(np.complex128, copy=False)
+
+
+def reconstruct_complex_spectrum_diff(sweep: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Режим diff: x~=cos(phi), diff(x)->sin(phi), z=cos+i*sin с проекцией на единичную окружность."""
+    cos_phi = normalize_trace_unit_range(sweep)
+    if cos_phi.size == 0:
+        return np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.complex128)
+    cos_phi = np.clip(cos_phi, -1.0, 1.0)
+
+    if cos_phi.size < 2:
+        sin_est = np.zeros_like(cos_phi, dtype=np.float64)
+    else:
+        d = np.gradient(cos_phi)
+        sin_est = normalize_trace_unit_range(d)
+        sin_est = np.clip(sin_est, -1.0, 1.0)
+
+    z = cos_phi.astype(np.complex128, copy=False)  + 1j * sin_est.astype(np.complex128, copy=False)
+    mag = np.abs(z)
+    z_unit = np.ones_like(z, dtype=np.complex128)
+    mask = mag > _EPS
+    if np.any(mask):
+        z_unit[mask] = z[mask] / mag[mask]
+    return mag
+
+
+def reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(
+    sweep: np.ndarray,
+    *,
+    complex_mode: str = "arccos",
+) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Восстановить комплексный спектр из вещественного свипа в выбранном режиме."""
+    mode = _normalize_complex_mode(complex_mode)
+    if mode == "arccos":
+        return reconstruct_complex_spectrum_arccos(sweep)
+    if mode == "diff":
+        return reconstruct_complex_spectrum_diff(sweep)
+    raise ValueError(f"Unsupported complex reconstruction mode: {complex_mode!r}")
+
+
+def perform_ifft_depth_response(
+    s_array: np.ndarray,
+    frequencies_hz: np.ndarray,
+    *,
+    axis: str = "abs",
+    start_hz: float | None = None,
+    stop_hz: float | None = None,
+) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Frequency-to-depth conversion with zero-padding and frequency offset handling."""
+    try:
+        s_in = np.asarray(s_array, dtype=np.complex128).ravel()
+        f_in = np.asarray(frequencies_hz, dtype=np.float64).ravel()
+        m = min(s_in.size, f_in.size)
+        if m < 2:
+            raise ValueError("Not enough points")
+
+        s = s_in[:m]
+        f = f_in[:m]
+
+        lo = float(FREQ_MIN_GHZ * 1e9 if start_hz is None else start_hz)
+        hi = float(FREQ_MAX_GHZ * 1e9 if stop_hz is None else stop_hz)
+        if hi < lo:
+            lo, hi = hi, lo
+
+        mask = (
+            np.isfinite(f)
+            & np.isfinite(np.real(s))
+            & np.isfinite(np.imag(s))
+            & (f >= lo)
+            & (f <= hi)
+        )
+        f = f[mask]
+        s = s[mask]
+
+        n = int(f.size)
+        if n < 2:
+            raise ValueError("Not enough frequency points after filtering")
+        if np.any(np.diff(f) <= 0.0):
+            raise ValueError("Non-increasing frequency grid")
+
+        df = float((f[-1] - f[0]) / (n - 1))
+        if not np.isfinite(df) or df <= 0.0:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid frequency step")
+
+        k0 = int(np.round(float(f[0]) / df))
+        if k0 < 0:
+            raise ValueError("Negative frequency offset index")
+
+        min_len = int(2 * (k0 + n - 1))
+        if min_len <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid FFT length")
+        n_fft = 1 << int(np.ceil(np.log2(float(min_len))))
+
+        dt = 1.0 / (n_fft * df)
+        t_sec = np.arange(n_fft, dtype=np.float64) * dt
+
+        h = np.zeros((n_fft,), dtype=np.complex128)
+        end = k0 + n
+        if end > n_fft:
+            raise ValueError("Spectrum placement exceeds FFT buffer")
+        h[k0:end] = s
+
+        y = np.fft.ifft(h)
+        depth_m = t_sec * SPEED_OF_LIGHT_M_S
+
+        axis_name = str(axis).strip().lower()
+        if axis_name == "abs":
+            y_fin = np.abs(y)
+        elif axis_name == "real":
+            y_fin = np.real(y)
+        elif axis_name == "imag":
+            y_fin = np.imag(y)
+        elif axis_name == "phase":
+            y_fin = np.angle(y)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid axis parameter: {axis!r}")
+
+        return depth_m.astype(np.float32, copy=False), np.asarray(y_fin, dtype=np.float32)
+
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        logger.error("IFFT depth response failed: %r", exc)
+        return _fallback_depth_response(np.asarray(s_array).size, np.asarray(s_array))
+
+
+def compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(
+    sweep: Optional[np.ndarray],
+    *,
+    complex_mode: str = "arccos",
+) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Высокоуровневый pipeline: sweep -> complex spectrum -> IFFT(abs) depth profile."""
+    if sweep is None:
+        return _fallback_depth_response(1, None)
+
+    try:
+        s = np.asarray(sweep, dtype=np.float64).ravel()
+        if s.size == 0:
+            return _fallback_depth_response(1, None)
+
+        freqs_hz = build_frequency_axis_hz(s.size)
+        s_complex = reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(s, complex_mode=complex_mode)
+        depth_m, y = perform_ifft_depth_response(s_complex, freqs_hz, axis="abs")
+        n = min(depth_m.size, y.size)
+        if n <= 0:
+            return _fallback_depth_response(s.size, s)
+        return depth_m[:n].astype(np.float32, copy=False), y[:n].astype(np.float32, copy=False)   # log10 для лучшей визуализации в водопаде  
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        logger.error("compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep failed: %r", exc)
+        return _fallback_depth_response(np.asarray(sweep).size if sweep is not None else 1, sweep)
+
+
+def compute_ifft_db_profile(sweep: Optional[np.ndarray]) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Legacy wrapper (deprecated name): возвращает линейный |IFFT| профиль."""
+    _depth_m, y = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(sweep, complex_mode="arccos")
+    return y
+

rfg_adc_plotter/processing/normalizer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""Алгоритмы нормировки свипов по калибровочной кривой."""
+
+from typing import Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+def normalize_simple(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Простая нормировка: поэлементное деление raw/calib."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
+        out[:w] = raw[:w] / calib[:w]
+    out = np.nan_to_num(out, nan=np.nan, posinf=np.nan, neginf=np.nan)
+    return out
+
+
+def build_calib_envelopes(calib: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Оценить огибающую по модулю сигнала.
+
+    Возвращает (lower, upper) = (-envelope, +envelope), где envelope —
+    интерполяция через локальные максимумы |calib|.
+    """
+    n = int(calib.size)
+    if n <= 0:
+        empty = np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.float32)
+        return empty, empty
+
+    y = np.asarray(calib, dtype=np.float32)
+    finite = np.isfinite(y)
+    if not np.any(finite):
+        zeros = np.zeros_like(y, dtype=np.float32)
+        return zeros, zeros
+
+    if not np.all(finite):
+        x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+        y = y.copy()
+        y[~finite] = np.interp(x[~finite], x[finite], y[finite]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    a = np.abs(y)
+
+    if n < 3:
+        env = a.copy()
+        return -env, env
+
+    da = np.diff(a)
+    s = np.sign(da).astype(np.int8, copy=False)
+
+    if np.any(s == 0):
+        for i in range(1, s.size):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i - 1]
+        for i in range(s.size - 2, -1, -1):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i + 1]
+        s[s == 0] = 1
+
+    max_idx = np.where((s[:-1] > 0) & (s[1:] < 0))[0] + 1
+
+    x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+
+    if max_idx.size == 0:
+        idx = np.array([0, n - 1], dtype=np.int64)
+    else:
+        idx = np.unique(np.concatenate(([0], max_idx, [n - 1]))).astype(np.int64)
+    env = np.interp(x, idx.astype(np.float32), a[idx]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    return -env, env
+
+
+def normalize_projector(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка через проекцию между огибающими калибровки в диапазон [-1000, +1000]."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    raw_seg = np.asarray(raw[:w], dtype=np.float32)
+    lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(np.asarray(calib[:w], dtype=np.float32))
+    span = upper - lower
+
+    finite_span = span[np.isfinite(span) & (span > 0)]
+    if finite_span.size > 0:
+        eps = max(float(np.median(finite_span)) * 1e-6, 1e-9)
+    else:
+        eps = 1e-9
+
+    valid = (
+        np.isfinite(raw_seg)
+        & np.isfinite(lower)
+        & np.isfinite(upper)
+        & (span > eps)
+    )
+    if np.any(valid):
+        proj = np.empty_like(raw_seg, dtype=np.float32)
+        proj[valid] = ((2.0 * (raw_seg[valid] - lower[valid]) / span[valid]) - 1.0) * 1000.0
+        proj[valid] = np.clip(proj[valid], -1000.0, 1000.0)
+        proj[~valid] = np.nan
+        out[:w] = proj
+
+    return out
+
+
+def normalize_by_calib(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray, norm_type: str) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка свипа по выбранному алгоритму."""
+    nt = str(norm_type).strip().lower()
+    if nt == "simple":
+        return normalize_simple(raw, calib)
+    return normalize_projector(raw, calib)
+
+
+def normalize_by_envelope(raw: np.ndarray, envelope: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка свипа через проекцию на огибающую из файла.
+
+    Воспроизводит логику normalize_projector: проецирует raw в [-1000, +1000]
+    используя готовую верхнюю огибающую (upper = envelope, lower = -envelope).
+    """
+    w = min(raw.size, envelope.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    raw_seg = np.asarray(raw[:w], dtype=np.float32)
+    upper = np.asarray(envelope[:w], dtype=np.float32)
+    lower = -upper
+    span = upper - lower  # = 2 * upper
+
+    finite_span = span[np.isfinite(span) & (span > 0)]
+    if finite_span.size > 0:
+        eps = max(float(np.median(finite_span)) * 1e-6, 1e-9)
+    else:
+        eps = 1e-9
+
+    valid = (
+        np.isfinite(raw_seg)
+        & np.isfinite(lower)
+        & np.isfinite(upper)
+        & (span > eps)
+    )
+    if np.any(valid):
+        proj = np.empty_like(raw_seg, dtype=np.float32)
+        proj[valid] = ((2.0 * (raw_seg[valid] - lower[valid]) / span[valid]) - 1.0) * 1000.0
+        proj[valid] = np.clip(proj[valid], -1000.0, 1000.0)
+        proj[~valid] = np.nan
+        out[:w] = proj
+
+    return out

rfg_adc_plotter/processing/pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+"""Явный pipeline предобработки свипов перед помещением в RingBuffer."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import os
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.capture_reference_loader import (
+    CaptureParseSummary,
+    aggregate_capture_reference,
+    detect_reference_file_format,
+    load_capture_sweeps,
+)
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.normalizer import (
+    build_calib_envelopes,
+    normalize_by_calib,
+    normalize_by_envelope,
+)
+
+DEFAULT_CALIB_ENVELOPE_PATH = "calib_envelope.npy"
+DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_PATH = "background.npy"
+
+
+def _normalize_path(path: str) -> str:
+    return str(path).strip()
+
+
+def _normalize_save_npy_path(path: str) -> str:
+    p = _normalize_path(path)
+    if not p:
+        return p
+    _root, ext = os.path.splitext(p)
+    if ext:
+        return p
+    return f"{p}.npy"
+
+
+def _summary_for_npy(path: str) -> CaptureParseSummary:
+    return CaptureParseSummary(
+        path=path,
+        format="npy",
+        sweeps_total=0,
+        sweeps_valid=0,
+        channels_seen=tuple(),
+        dominant_width=None,
+        dominant_n_valid=None,
+        aggregation="median",
+        warnings=tuple(),
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SweepProcessingResult:
+    """Результат предобработки одного свипа."""
+
+    processed_sweep: np.ndarray
+    normalized_sweep: Optional[np.ndarray]
+    calibration_applied: bool
+    background_applied: bool
+    calibration_source: str  # off|live|npy|capture
+    background_source: str   # off|npy|capture(raw)|capture(raw->calib)
+    is_calibration_reference: bool
+    stage_trace: Tuple[str, ...]
+
+
+class SweepPreprocessor:
+    """Управляет калибровкой/фоном и применяет их к входному свипу."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        norm_type: str = "projector",
+        calib_envelope_path: str = DEFAULT_CALIB_ENVELOPE_PATH,
+        background_path: str = DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_PATH,
+        auto_save_live_calib_envelope: bool = True,
+    ):
+        self.norm_type = str(norm_type).strip().lower() or "projector"
+        self.calib_enabled = False
+        self.calib_mode = "live"  # live | file
+        self.background_enabled = False
+        self.auto_save_live_calib_envelope = bool(auto_save_live_calib_envelope)
+
+        self.calib_envelope_path = _normalize_path(calib_envelope_path)
+        self.background_path = _normalize_path(background_path)
+
+        self.last_calib_sweep: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.calib_file_envelope: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+
+        # background — в текущем домене вычитания (raw или normalized), UI использует для preview/state
+        self.background: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        # raw background loaded from capture file; преобразуется на лету при активной калибровке
+        self.background_raw_capture: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+
+        # Источники и метаданные загрузки
+        self.calib_external_source_type: str = "none"        # none|npy|capture
+        self.background_source_type: str = "none"            # none|npy_processed|capture_raw
+        self.calib_reference_summary: Optional[CaptureParseSummary] = None
+        self.background_reference_summary: Optional[CaptureParseSummary] = None
+        self.last_reference_error: str = ""
+
+        # Параметры офлайн-парсинга capture (должны совпадать с live parser по настройке UI)
+        self.capture_fancy: bool = False
+        self.capture_logscale: bool = False
+        self.reference_aggregation_method: str = "median"
+
+    # ---- Конфигурация ----
+    def set_calib_mode(self, mode: str):
+        m = str(mode).strip().lower()
+        self.calib_mode = "file" if m == "file" else "live"
+
+    def set_calib_enabled(self, enabled: bool):
+        self.calib_enabled = bool(enabled)
+
+    def set_background_enabled(self, enabled: bool):
+        self.background_enabled = bool(enabled)
+
+    def set_capture_parse_options(self, *, fancy: Optional[bool] = None, logscale: Optional[bool] = None):
+        if fancy is not None:
+            self.capture_fancy = bool(fancy)
+        if logscale is not None:
+            self.capture_logscale = bool(logscale)
+
+    def set_calib_envelope_path(self, path: str):
+        p = _normalize_path(path)
+        if p:
+            if p != self.calib_envelope_path:
+                self.calib_file_envelope = None
+                if self.calib_external_source_type in ("npy", "capture"):
+                    self.calib_external_source_type = "none"
+                    self.calib_reference_summary = None
+            self.calib_envelope_path = p
+
+    def set_background_path(self, path: str):
+        p = _normalize_path(path)
+        if p:
+            if p != self.background_path:
+                self.background = None
+                self.background_raw_capture = None
+                self.background_source_type = "none"
+                self.background_reference_summary = None
+            self.background_path = p
+
+    def has_calib_envelope_file(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.calib_envelope_path) and os.path.isfile(self.calib_envelope_path)
+
+    def has_background_file(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.background_path) and os.path.isfile(self.background_path)
+
+    # ---- Загрузка/сохранение .npy ----
+    def _save_array(self, arr: np.ndarray, current_path: str, path: Optional[str]) -> str:
+        target = _normalize_save_npy_path(path if path is not None else current_path)
+        if not target:
+            raise ValueError("Пустой путь сохранения")
+        np.save(target, arr)
+        return target
+
+    def save_calib_envelope(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        """Сохранить огибающую из последнего live-калибровочного свипа (экспорт .npy)."""
+        if self.last_calib_sweep is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            _lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(self.last_calib_sweep)
+            self.calib_envelope_path = self._save_array(upper, self.calib_envelope_path, path)
+            self.last_reference_error = ""
+            return True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"save calib envelope failed: {exc}"
+            return False
+
+    def save_background(self, sweep_for_ring: Optional[np.ndarray], path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        """Сохранить текущий свип (в текущем домене обработки) как .npy-фон."""
+        if sweep_for_ring is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            bg = np.asarray(sweep_for_ring, dtype=np.float32).copy()
+            self.background_path = self._save_array(bg, self.background_path, path)
+            self.background = bg
+            self.background_raw_capture = None
+            self.background_source_type = "npy_processed"
+            self.background_reference_summary = _summary_for_npy(self.background_path)
+            self.last_reference_error = ""
+            return True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"save background failed: {exc}"
+            return False
+
+    # ---- Загрузка эталонов (.npy или capture) ----
+    def _detect_source_kind(self, path: str, source_kind: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        sk = str(source_kind).strip().lower() or "auto"
+        if sk == "auto":
+            return detect_reference_file_format(path)
+        if sk in ("npy", "bin_capture", "capture"):
+            return "bin_capture" if sk == "capture" else sk
+        return None
+
+    def _load_npy_vector(self, path: str) -> np.ndarray:
+        arr = np.load(path)
+        return np.asarray(arr, dtype=np.float32).reshape(-1)
+
+    def load_calib_reference(
+        self,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        source_kind: str = "auto",
+        method: str = "median",
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Загрузить калибровку из .npy (огибающая) или raw capture файла."""
+        if path is not None:
+            self.set_calib_envelope_path(path)
+        p = self.calib_envelope_path
+        if not p or not os.path.isfile(p):
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Файл калибровки не найден: {p}"
+            return False
+
+        fmt = self._detect_source_kind(p, source_kind)
+        if fmt is None:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Неизвестный формат файла калибровки: {p}"
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            if fmt == "npy":
+                env = self._load_npy_vector(p)
+                self.calib_file_envelope = env
+                self.calib_external_source_type = "npy"
+                self.calib_reference_summary = _summary_for_npy(p)
+                self.last_reference_error = ""
+                return True
+
+            sweeps = load_capture_sweeps(p, fancy=self.capture_fancy, logscale=self.capture_logscale)
+            vec, summary = aggregate_capture_reference(
+                sweeps,
+                channel=0,
+                method=method or self.reference_aggregation_method,
+                path=p,
+            )
+            _lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(vec)
+            self.calib_file_envelope = np.asarray(upper, dtype=np.float32)
+            self.calib_external_source_type = "capture"
+            self.calib_reference_summary = summary
+            self.last_reference_error = ""
+            return True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Ошибка загрузки калибровки: {exc}"
+            return False
+
+    def load_background_reference(
+        self,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        source_kind: str = "auto",
+        method: str = "median",
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Загрузить фон из .npy (готовый домен) или raw capture файла."""
+        if path is not None:
+            self.set_background_path(path)
+        p = self.background_path
+        if not p or not os.path.isfile(p):
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Файл фона не найден: {p}"
+            return False
+
+        fmt = self._detect_source_kind(p, source_kind)
+        if fmt is None:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Неизвестный формат файла фона: {p}"
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            if fmt == "npy":
+                bg = self._load_npy_vector(p)
+                self.background = bg
+                self.background_raw_capture = None
+                self.background_source_type = "npy_processed"
+                self.background_reference_summary = _summary_for_npy(p)
+                self.last_reference_error = ""
+                return True
+
+            sweeps = load_capture_sweeps(p, fancy=self.capture_fancy, logscale=self.capture_logscale)
+            vec, summary = aggregate_capture_reference(
+                sweeps,
+                channel=0,
+                method=method or self.reference_aggregation_method,
+                path=p,
+            )
+            self.background_raw_capture = np.asarray(vec, dtype=np.float32)
+            # Для UI/preview текущий background отражает текущий домен (пока raw по умолчанию).
+            self.background = self.background_raw_capture
+            self.background_source_type = "capture_raw"
+            self.background_reference_summary = summary
+            self.last_reference_error = ""
+            return True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            self.last_reference_error = f"Ошибка загрузки фона: {exc}"
+            return False
+
+    # Совместимые обертки для старого API (строго .npy)
+    def load_calib_envelope(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        target = path if path is not None else self.calib_envelope_path
+        return self.load_calib_reference(target, source_kind="npy")
+
+    def load_background(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        target = path if path is not None else self.background_path
+        return self.load_background_reference(target, source_kind="npy")
+
+    # ---- Нормировка / фон ----
+    def _normalize_against_active_reference(self, raw: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[Optional[np.ndarray], bool, str]:
+        if not self.calib_enabled:
+            return None, False, "off"
+
+        if self.calib_mode == "file":
+            if self.calib_file_envelope is None:
+                return None, False, "off"
+            src = "capture" if self.calib_external_source_type == "capture" else "npy"
+            return normalize_by_envelope(raw, self.calib_file_envelope), True, src
+
+        if self.last_calib_sweep is None:
+            return None, False, "off"
+        return normalize_by_calib(raw, self.last_calib_sweep, self.norm_type), True, "live"
+
+    def _transform_raw_background_for_current_domain(self, calib_applied: bool) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        if self.background_raw_capture is None:
+            return None
+        if not calib_applied:
+            return self.background_raw_capture
+
+        # Порядок pipeline фиксирован: raw -> calibration -> background -> IFFT.
+        # Поэтому raw-фон из capture нужно привести в тот же домен, что и текущий sweep_for_ring.
+        if self.calib_mode == "file" and self.calib_file_envelope is not None:
+            return normalize_by_envelope(self.background_raw_capture, self.calib_file_envelope)
+        if self.calib_mode == "live" and self.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+            return normalize_by_calib(self.background_raw_capture, self.last_calib_sweep, self.norm_type)
+        return None
+
+    def _effective_background(self, calib_applied: bool) -> Tuple[Optional[np.ndarray], str]:
+        if self.background_source_type == "capture_raw":
+            bg = self._transform_raw_background_for_current_domain(calib_applied)
+            if bg is None:
+                return None, "capture(raw->calib:missing-calib)"
+            self.background = np.asarray(bg, dtype=np.float32)
+            return self.background, ("capture(raw->calib)" if calib_applied else "capture(raw)")
+        if self.background_source_type == "npy_processed" and self.background is not None:
+            return self.background, "npy"
+        if self.background is not None:
+            return self.background, "unknown"
+        return None, "off"
+
+    def _subtract_background(self, sweep: np.ndarray, calib_applied: bool) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, bool, str]:
+        if not self.background_enabled:
+            return sweep, False, "off"
+        bg, bg_src = self._effective_background(calib_applied)
+        if bg is None:
+            return sweep, False, f"{bg_src}:missing"
+        out = np.asarray(sweep, dtype=np.float32).copy()
+        w = min(out.size, bg.size)
+        if w > 0:
+            out[:w] -= bg[:w]
+        return out, True, bg_src
+
+    def process(self, sweep: np.ndarray, channel: int, update_references: bool = True) -> SweepProcessingResult:
+        """Применить к свипу калибровку/фон и вернуть явные этапы обработки."""
+        raw = np.asarray(sweep, dtype=np.float32)
+        ch = int(channel)
+
+        if ch == 0:
+            if update_references:
+                self.last_calib_sweep = raw
+                if self.auto_save_live_calib_envelope:
+                    self.save_calib_envelope()
+
+            # ch0 всегда остаётся live-калибровочной ссылкой (raw), но при file-калибровке
+            # можем применять её и к ch0 для отображения/обработки независимо от канала.
+            calib_applied = False
+            calib_source = "off"
+            normalized: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+            if self.calib_enabled and self.calib_mode == "file":
+                normalized, calib_applied, calib_source = self._normalize_against_active_reference(raw)
+
+            base = normalized if normalized is not None else raw
+            processed, bg_applied, bg_source = self._subtract_background(base, calib_applied=calib_applied)
+
+            stages = ["parsed_sweep", "raw_sweep", "ch0_live_calibration_reference"]
+            stages.append(f"calibration_{calib_source}" if calib_applied else "calibration_off")
+            stages.append(f"background_{bg_source}" if bg_applied else "background_off")
+            stages.extend(["ring_buffer", "ifft_db"])
+
+            return SweepProcessingResult(
+                processed_sweep=processed,
+                normalized_sweep=normalized,
+                calibration_applied=calib_applied,
+                background_applied=bg_applied,
+                calibration_source=calib_source if calib_applied else "off",
+                background_source=bg_source if bg_applied else "off",
+                is_calibration_reference=True,
+                stage_trace=tuple(stages),
+            )
+
+        normalized, calib_applied, calib_source = self._normalize_against_active_reference(raw)
+        base = normalized if normalized is not None else raw
+        processed, bg_applied, bg_source = self._subtract_background(base, calib_applied)
+
+        stages = ["parsed_sweep", "raw_sweep"]
+        stages.append(f"calibration_{calib_source}" if calib_applied else "calibration_off")
+        stages.append(f"background_{bg_source}" if bg_applied else "background_off")
+        stages.extend(["ring_buffer", "ifft_db"])
+
+        return SweepProcessingResult(
+            processed_sweep=processed,
+            normalized_sweep=normalized,
+            calibration_applied=calib_applied,
+            background_applied=bg_applied,
+            calibration_source=calib_source if calib_applied else "off",
+            background_source=bg_source if bg_applied else "off",
+            is_calibration_reference=False,
+            stage_trace=tuple(stages),
+        )

rfg_adc_plotter/state/app_state.py

@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+"""Состояние приложения: текущие свипы и настройки калибровки/нормировки."""
+
+from queue import Empty, Queue
+from typing import Any, Mapping, Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.pipeline import (
+    DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_PATH,
+    DEFAULT_CALIB_ENVELOPE_PATH,
+    SweepPreprocessor,
+)
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepInfo, SweepPacket
+
+CALIB_ENVELOPE_PATH = DEFAULT_CALIB_ENVELOPE_PATH
+BACKGROUND_PATH = DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_PATH
+
+
+def format_status(data: Mapping[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Преобразовать словарь метрик в одну строку 'k:v'."""
+
+    def _fmt(v: Any) -> str:
+        if v is None:
+            return "NA"
+        try:
+            fv = float(v)
+        except Exception:
+            return str(v)
+        if not np.isfinite(fv):
+            return "nan"
+        if abs(fv) >= 1000 or (0 < abs(fv) < 0.01):
+            return f"{fv:.3g}"
+        return f"{fv:.3f}".rstrip("0").rstrip(".")
+
+    parts = [f"{k}:{_fmt(v)}" for k, v in data.items() if k != "pre_exp_sweep"]
+    return "  ".join(parts)
+
+
+class AppState:
+    """Весь изменяемый GUI-state: текущие данные + pipeline предобработки."""
+
+    def __init__(self, norm_type: str = "projector"):
+        self.current_sweep_pre_exp: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_sweep_post_exp: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_sweep_processed: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_sweep_raw: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_sweep_norm: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_info: Optional[SweepInfo] = None
+        self.norm_type: str = str(norm_type).strip().lower()
+        self.preprocessor = SweepPreprocessor(norm_type=self.norm_type)
+        self._last_sweep_for_ring: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self._last_stage_trace: tuple[str, ...] = tuple()
+
+    def configure_capture_import(self, *, fancy: Optional[bool] = None, logscale: Optional[bool] = None):
+        self.preprocessor.set_capture_parse_options(fancy=fancy, logscale=logscale)
+
+    # ---- Свойства pipeline (для совместимости с GUI) ----
+    @property
+    def calib_enabled(self) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_enabled
+
+    @property
+    def calib_mode(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_mode
+
+    @property
+    def calib_file_envelope(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_file_envelope
+
+    @property
+    def last_calib_sweep(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        return self.preprocessor.last_calib_sweep
+
+    @property
+    def background(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        return self.preprocessor.background
+
+    @property
+    def background_enabled(self) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.background_enabled
+
+    @property
+    def calib_source_type(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_external_source_type
+
+    @property
+    def background_source_type(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.background_source_type
+
+    @property
+    def calib_reference_summary(self):
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_reference_summary
+
+    @property
+    def background_reference_summary(self):
+        return self.preprocessor.background_reference_summary
+
+    @property
+    def last_reference_error(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.last_reference_error
+
+    @property
+    def calib_envelope_path(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.calib_envelope_path
+
+    @property
+    def background_path(self) -> str:
+        return self.preprocessor.background_path
+
+    # ---- Управление файлами калибровки/фона ----
+    def set_calib_envelope_path(self, path: str):
+        self.preprocessor.set_calib_envelope_path(path)
+        self._refresh_current_processed()
+
+    def set_background_path(self, path: str):
+        self.preprocessor.set_background_path(path)
+        self._refresh_current_processed()
+
+    def has_calib_envelope_file(self) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.has_calib_envelope_file()
+
+    def has_background_file(self) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.has_background_file()
+
+    def save_calib_envelope(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.save_calib_envelope(path)
+
+    def load_calib_reference(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        ok = self.preprocessor.load_calib_reference(path)
+        if ok:
+            self._refresh_current_processed()
+        return ok
+
+    def load_calib_envelope(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        return self.load_calib_reference(path)
+
+    def set_calib_mode(self, mode: str):
+        self.preprocessor.set_calib_mode(mode)
+        self._refresh_current_processed()
+
+    def save_background(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        return self.preprocessor.save_background(self._last_sweep_for_ring, path)
+
+    def load_background_reference(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        ok = self.preprocessor.load_background_reference(path)
+        if ok:
+            self._refresh_current_processed()
+        return ok
+
+    def load_background(self, path: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        return self.load_background_reference(path)
+
+    def set_background_enabled(self, enabled: bool):
+        self.preprocessor.set_background_enabled(enabled)
+        self._refresh_current_processed()
+
+    def set_calib_enabled(self, enabled: bool):
+        self.preprocessor.set_calib_enabled(enabled)
+        self._refresh_current_processed()
+
+    # ---- Вспомогательные методы для UI ----
+    def _current_channel(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        if not isinstance(self.current_info, dict):
+            return None
+        try:
+            return int(self.current_info.get("ch", 0))
+        except Exception:
+            return 0
+
+    def _apply_result_to_current(self, result) -> None:
+        self._last_stage_trace = tuple(result.stage_trace)
+        if result.is_calibration_reference:
+            self.current_sweep_norm = None
+        elif result.calibration_applied or result.background_applied:
+            self.current_sweep_norm = result.processed_sweep
+        else:
+            self.current_sweep_norm = None
+        self.current_sweep_processed = result.processed_sweep
+        self._last_sweep_for_ring = result.processed_sweep
+
+    def _refresh_current_processed(self):
+        if self.current_sweep_raw is None:
+            self.current_sweep_norm = None
+            self.current_sweep_processed = None
+            self._last_stage_trace = tuple()
+            return
+        ch = self._current_channel() or 0
+        result = self.preprocessor.process(self.current_sweep_raw, ch, update_references=False)
+        self._apply_result_to_current(result)
+
+    def format_pipeline_status(self) -> str:
+        """Краткое описание pipeline для UI: от распарсенного свипа до IFFT."""
+        ch = self._current_channel()
+        if ch is None:
+            ch_txt = "?"
+        else:
+            ch_txt = str(ch)
+
+        reader_stage = "log-exp" if self.current_sweep_pre_exp is not None else "linear"
+
+        if ch == 0:
+            file_calib_applies = (
+                self.calib_enabled
+                and self.calib_mode == "file"
+                and self.calib_file_envelope is not None
+            )
+            if self.calib_enabled and self.calib_mode == "file":
+                calib_stage = self.format_calib_source_status()
+            else:
+                calib_stage = "calib[off]"
+
+            if not self.background_enabled:
+                bg_stage = "bg[off]"
+            elif self.background_source_type == "capture_raw":
+                if self.background is None:
+                    bg_stage = (
+                        "bg[capture(raw->calib):missing]"
+                        if file_calib_applies
+                        else "bg[capture(raw):missing]"
+                    )
+                else:
+                    bg_stage = "bg[capture(raw->calib)]" if file_calib_applies else "bg[capture(raw)]"
+            elif self.background_source_type == "npy_processed":
+                bg_stage = "bg[npy]" if self.background is not None else "bg[npy:missing]"
+            else:
+                bg_stage = "bg[sub]" if self.background is not None else "bg[missing]"
+            return (
+                f"pipeline ch{ch_txt}: parsed -> {reader_stage} -> raw -> "
+                f"live-calib-ref -> {calib_stage} -> {bg_stage} -> ring -> IFFT(abs, depth_m)"
+            )
+
+        calib_stage = self.format_calib_source_status()
+        bg_stage = self.format_background_source_status()
+
+        return (
+            f"pipeline ch{ch_txt}: parsed -> {reader_stage} -> raw -> "
+            f"{calib_stage} -> {bg_stage} -> ring -> IFFT(abs, depth_m)"
+        )
+
+    def _format_summary(self, summary) -> str:
+        if summary is None:
+            return ""
+        parts: list[str] = []
+        if getattr(summary, "sweeps_valid", 0) or getattr(summary, "sweeps_total", 0):
+            parts.append(f"valid:{summary.sweeps_valid}/{summary.sweeps_total}")
+        if getattr(summary, "dominant_width", None) is not None:
+            parts.append(f"w:{summary.dominant_width}")
+        chs = getattr(summary, "channels_seen", tuple())
+        if chs:
+            parts.append("chs:" + ",".join(str(v) for v in chs))
+        warns = getattr(summary, "warnings", tuple())
+        if warns:
+            parts.append(f"warn:{warns[0]}")
+        return " ".join(parts)
+
+    def format_calib_source_status(self) -> str:
+        if not self.calib_enabled:
+            return "calib[off]"
+        if self.calib_mode == "live":
+            return "calib[live]" if self.last_calib_sweep is not None else "calib[live:no-ref]"
+        if self.calib_file_envelope is None:
+            return "calib[file:missing]"
+        if self.calib_source_type == "capture":
+            return "calib[capture]"
+        if self.calib_source_type == "npy":
+            return "calib[npy]"
+        return "calib[file]"
+
+    def format_background_source_status(self) -> str:
+        if not self.background_enabled:
+            return "bg[off]"
+        src = self.background_source_type
+        if src == "capture_raw":
+            if self.calib_enabled:
+                can_map = (
+                    (self.calib_mode == "file" and self.calib_file_envelope is not None)
+                    or (self.calib_mode == "live" and self.last_calib_sweep is not None)
+                )
+                if not can_map:
+                    return "bg[capture(raw->calib):missing]"
+            if self.background is None:
+                return "bg[capture(raw->calib):missing]"
+            return "bg[capture(raw->calib)]" if self.calib_enabled else "bg[capture(raw)]"
+        if src == "npy_processed":
+            return "bg[npy]" if self.background is not None else "bg[npy:missing]"
+        if self.background is not None:
+            return "bg[sub]"
+        return "bg[missing]"
+
+    def format_reference_status(self) -> str:
+        parts: list[str] = []
+        calib_s = self._format_summary(self.calib_reference_summary)
+        if calib_s:
+            parts.append(f"calib[{calib_s}]")
+        bg_s = self._format_summary(self.background_reference_summary)
+        if bg_s:
+            parts.append(f"bg[{bg_s}]")
+        if self.last_reference_error:
+            parts.append(f"err:{self.last_reference_error}")
+        return " | ".join(parts)
+
+    def format_stage_trace(self) -> str:
+        if not self._last_stage_trace:
+            return ""
+        return " -> ".join(self._last_stage_trace)
+
+    def drain_queue(self, q: "Queue[SweepPacket]", ring: RingBuffer) -> int:
+        """Вытащить все ожидающие свипы из очереди, обновить state и ring.
+
+        Возвращает количество обработанных свипов.
+        """
+        drained = 0
+        while True:
+            try:
+                s, info = q.get_nowait()
+            except Empty:
+                break
+            drained += 1
+
+            self.current_sweep_raw = s
+            self.current_sweep_post_exp = s
+            self.current_info = info
+            pre_exp = info.get("pre_exp_sweep") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+            self.current_sweep_pre_exp = pre_exp if isinstance(pre_exp, np.ndarray) else None
+
+            try:
+                ch = int(info.get("ch", 0)) if isinstance(info, dict) else 0
+            except Exception:
+                ch = 0
+
+            result = self.preprocessor.process(s, ch, update_references=True)
+            self._apply_result_to_current(result)
+
+            ring.ensure_init(s.size)
+            ring.push(result.processed_sweep)
+        return drained
+
+    def format_channel_label(self) -> str:
+        """Строка с номерами каналов для подписи на графике."""
+        if self.current_info is None:
+            return ""
+        info = self.current_info
+        chs = info.get("chs") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+        if chs is None:
+            chs = info.get("ch") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+        if chs is None:
+            return ""
+        try:
+            if isinstance(chs, (list, tuple, set)):
+                ch_list = sorted(int(v) for v in chs)
+                return "chs " + ", ".join(str(v) for v in ch_list)
+            return f"chs {int(chs)}"
+        except Exception:
+            return f"chs {chs}"

rfg_adc_plotter/state/ring_buffer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+"""Кольцевой буфер свипов и FFT-строк для водопадного отображения."""
+
+import time
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import (
+    FREQ_MAX_GHZ,
+    FREQ_MIN_GHZ,
+    WF_WIDTH,
+)
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.fourier import compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep
+
+
+class RingBuffer:
+    """Хранит последние N свипов и соответствующие FFT-строки.
+
+    Все мутабельные поля водопада инкапсулированы здесь,
+    что устраняет необходимость nonlocal в GUI-коде.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, max_sweeps: int):
+        self.max_sweeps = max_sweeps
+        # Размер IFFT-профиля теперь динамический и определяется по первому успешному свипу.
+        self.fft_bins = 0
+        self.fft_complex_mode: str = "arccos"
+
+        # Инициализируются при первом свипе (ensure_init)
+        self.ring: Optional[np.ndarray] = None        # (max_sweeps, WF_WIDTH)
+        self.ring_fft: Optional[np.ndarray] = None    # (max_sweeps, fft_bins)
+        self.ring_time: Optional[np.ndarray] = None   # (max_sweeps,)
+        self.head: int = 0
+        self.width: Optional[int] = None
+        self.x_shared: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.fft_depth_axis_m: Optional[np.ndarray] = None  # ось глубины IFFT в метрах
+        self.y_min_fft: Optional[float] = None
+        self.y_max_fft: Optional[float] = None
+        # FFT последнего свипа (для отображения без повторного вычисления)
+        self.last_fft_vals: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+
+    @property
+    def is_ready(self) -> bool:
+        return self.ring is not None
+
+    @property
+    def fft_time_axis(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        """Legacy alias: старое имя поля (раньше было время в нс, теперь глубина в м)."""
+        return self.fft_depth_axis_m
+
+    def set_fft_complex_mode(self, mode: str) -> bool:
+        """Выбрать режим реконструкции комплексного спектра для IFFT.
+
+        Возвращает True, если режим изменился (и FFT-буфер был сброшен).
+        """
+        m = str(mode).strip().lower()
+        if m not in ("arccos", "diff"):
+            raise ValueError(f"Unsupported IFFT complex mode: {mode!r}")
+        if m == self.fft_complex_mode:
+            return False
+        self.fft_complex_mode = m
+        # Сбрасываем только FFT-зависимые структуры. Сырые ряды сохраняем.
+        self.ring_fft = None
+        self.fft_depth_axis_m = None
+        self.fft_bins = 0
+        self.last_fft_vals = None
+        self.y_min_fft = None
+        self.y_max_fft = None
+        return True
+
+    def ensure_init(self, sweep_width: int):
+        """Инициализировать буферы при первом свипе. Повторные вызовы — no-op (кроме x_shared)."""
+        if self.ring is None:
+            self.width = WF_WIDTH
+            self.ring = np.full((self.max_sweeps, self.width), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+            self.ring_time = np.full((self.max_sweeps,), np.nan, dtype=np.float64)
+            self.head = 0
+        # Обновляем x_shared если пришёл свип большего размера
+        if self.x_shared is None or sweep_width > self.x_shared.size:
+            self.x_shared = np.linspace(FREQ_MIN_GHZ, FREQ_MAX_GHZ, sweep_width, dtype=np.float32)
+
+    def push(self, s: np.ndarray):
+        """Добавить строку свипа в кольцевой буфер, вычислить FFT-строку."""
+        if s is None or s.size == 0 or self.ring is None:
+            return
+        w = self.ring.shape[1]
+        row = np.full((w,), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        take = min(w, s.size)
+        row[:take] = s[:take]
+        self.ring[self.head, :] = row
+        self.ring_time[self.head] = time.time()
+        self.head = (self.head + 1) % self.ring.shape[0]
+
+        self._push_fft(s)
+
+    def _push_fft(self, s: np.ndarray):
+        depth_axis_m, fft_row = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(
+            s,
+            complex_mode=self.fft_complex_mode,
+        )
+        fft_row = np.asarray(fft_row, dtype=np.float32).ravel()
+        depth_axis_m = np.asarray(depth_axis_m, dtype=np.float32).ravel()
+
+        n = min(int(fft_row.size), int(depth_axis_m.size))
+        if n <= 0:
+            return
+        if n != fft_row.size:
+            fft_row = fft_row[:n]
+        if n != depth_axis_m.size:
+            depth_axis_m = depth_axis_m[:n]
+
+        # Для отображения храним только первую половину IFFT-профиля:
+        # вторая половина для текущей схемы симметрична и визуально избыточна.
+        n_keep = max(1, (n + 1) // 2)
+        fft_row = fft_row[:n_keep]
+        depth_axis_m = depth_axis_m[:n_keep]
+        n = n_keep
+
+        needs_reset = (
+            self.ring_fft is None
+            or self.fft_depth_axis_m is None
+            or self.fft_bins != n
+            or self.ring_fft.shape != (self.max_sweeps, n)
+            or self.fft_depth_axis_m.size != n
+        )
+        if (not needs_reset) and n > 0:
+            prev_axis = self.fft_depth_axis_m
+            assert prev_axis is not None
+            if prev_axis.size != n:
+                needs_reset = True
+            else:
+                # Если ось изменилась (например, изменилась длина/частотная сетка), сбрасываем FFT-водопад.
+                if not np.allclose(prev_axis[[0, -1]], depth_axis_m[[0, -1]], rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-9):
+                    needs_reset = True
+
+        if needs_reset:
+            self.fft_bins = n
+            self.ring_fft = np.full((self.max_sweeps, n), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+            self.fft_depth_axis_m = depth_axis_m.astype(np.float32, copy=True)
+            self.y_min_fft = None
+            self.y_max_fft = None
+
+        assert self.ring_fft is not None
+        prev_head = (self.head - 1) % self.ring_fft.shape[0]
+        self.ring_fft[prev_head, :] = fft_row
+        self.last_fft_vals = fft_row
+
+        fr_min = np.nanmin(fft_row)
+        fr_max = float(np.nanpercentile(fft_row, 90))
+        if self.y_min_fft is None or (not np.isnan(fr_min) and fr_min < self.y_min_fft):
+            self.y_min_fft = float(fr_min)
+        if self.y_max_fft is None or (not np.isnan(fr_max) and fr_max > self.y_max_fft):
+            self.y_max_fft = float(fr_max)
+
+    def get_display_ring(self) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Кольцо в порядке от старого к новому, ось времени по X. Форма: (width, time)."""
+        if self.ring is None:
+            return np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32)
+        base = self.ring if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring, -self.head, axis=0)
+        return base.T  # (width, time)
+
+    def get_display_ring_fft(self) -> np.ndarray:
+        """FFT-кольцо в порядке от старого к новому. Форма: (bins, time)."""
+        if self.ring_fft is None:
+            return np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32)
+        base = self.ring_fft if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring_fft, -self.head, axis=0)
+        return base.T  # (bins, time)
+
+    def get_display_times(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        """Временные метки строк в порядке от старого к новому."""
+        if self.ring_time is None:
+            return None
+        return self.ring_time if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring_time, -self.head)
+
+    def subtract_recent_mean_fft(
+        self, disp_fft: np.ndarray, spec_mean_sec: float
+    ) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Вычесть среднее по каждой частоте за последние spec_mean_sec секунд."""
+        if spec_mean_sec <= 0.0:
+            return disp_fft
+        disp_times = self.get_display_times()
+        if disp_times is None:
+            return disp_fft
+        now_t = time.time()
+        mask = np.isfinite(disp_times) & (disp_times >= (now_t - spec_mean_sec))
+        if not np.any(mask):
+            return disp_fft
+        try:
+            mean_spec = np.nanmean(disp_fft[:, mask], axis=1)
+        except Exception:
+            return disp_fft
+        mean_spec = np.nan_to_num(mean_spec, nan=0.0)
+        return disp_fft - mean_spec[:, None]
+
+    def compute_fft_levels(
+        self, disp_fft: np.ndarray, spec_clip: Optional[Tuple[float, float]]
+    ) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+        """Вычислить (vmin, vmax) для отображения водопада спектров."""
+        # 1. По среднему спектру за видимое время
+        try:
+            mean_spec = np.nanmean(disp_fft, axis=1)
+            vmin_v = float(np.nanmin(mean_spec))
+            vmax_v = float(np.nanmax(mean_spec))
+            if np.isfinite(vmin_v) and np.isfinite(vmax_v) and vmin_v != vmax_v:
+                return (vmin_v, vmax_v)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        # 2. Процентильная обрезка
+        if spec_clip is not None:
+            try:
+                vmin_v = float(np.nanpercentile(disp_fft, spec_clip[0]))
+                vmax_v = float(np.nanpercentile(disp_fft, spec_clip[1]))
+                if np.isfinite(vmin_v) and np.isfinite(vmax_v) and vmin_v != vmax_v:
+                    return (vmin_v, vmax_v)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # 3. Глобальные накопленные мин/макс
+        if (
+            self.y_min_fft is not None
+            and self.y_max_fft is not None
+            and np.isfinite(self.y_min_fft)
+            and np.isfinite(self.y_max_fft)
+            and self.y_min_fft != self.y_max_fft
+        ):
+            return (self.y_min_fft, self.y_max_fft)
+
+        return None

rfg_adc_plotter/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Tuple, Union
+
+import numpy as np
+
+Number = Union[int, float]
+SweepInfo = Dict[str, Any]
+SweepPacket = Tuple[np.ndarray, SweepInfo]

run_dataplotter

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/usr/bin/bash
+python3 -m rfg_adc_plotter.main --bin --backend mpl $@

tests/test_capture_reference_loader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.capture_reference_loader import (
+    aggregate_capture_reference,
+    detect_reference_file_format,
+    load_capture_sweeps,
+)
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.pipeline import SweepPreprocessor
+
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+SAMPLE_BG = ROOT / "sample_data" / "empty"
+SAMPLE_CALIB = ROOT / "sample_data" / "no_antennas_35dB_attenuators"
+
+
+def test_detect_reference_file_format_for_sample_capture():
+    assert detect_reference_file_format(str(SAMPLE_BG)) == "bin_capture"
+    assert detect_reference_file_format(str(SAMPLE_CALIB)) == "bin_capture"
+
+
+def test_load_capture_sweeps_parses_binary_capture():
+    sweeps = load_capture_sweeps(str(SAMPLE_BG), fancy=False, logscale=False)
+    assert len(sweeps) > 100
+    sweep0, info0 = sweeps[0]
+    assert isinstance(sweep0, np.ndarray)
+    assert "ch" in info0
+    channels = set()
+    for _s, info in sweeps:
+        chs = info.get("chs", [info.get("ch", 0)])
+        channels.update(int(v) for v in chs)
+    assert channels == {0}
+
+
+def test_aggregate_capture_reference_filters_incomplete_sweeps():
+    sweeps = load_capture_sweeps(str(SAMPLE_BG), fancy=False, logscale=False)
+    vector, summary = aggregate_capture_reference(sweeps, channel=0, method="median", path=str(SAMPLE_BG))
+    assert isinstance(vector, np.ndarray)
+    assert vector.dtype == np.float32
+    assert summary.sweeps_total == len(sweeps)
+    assert summary.sweeps_valid > 0
+    assert summary.sweeps_valid < summary.sweeps_total
+    assert summary.dominant_width in (759, 758)  # sample_data starts at x=1..758 => width=759
+
+
+def test_preprocessor_can_load_capture_calib_and_background_and_apply():
+    p = SweepPreprocessor(norm_type="projector", auto_save_live_calib_envelope=False)
+    p.set_capture_parse_options(fancy=False, logscale=False)
+
+    assert p.load_calib_reference(str(SAMPLE_CALIB))
+    p.set_calib_mode("file")
+    p.set_calib_enabled(True)
+    assert p.calib_file_envelope is not None
+    assert p.calib_external_source_type == "capture"
+
+    assert p.load_background_reference(str(SAMPLE_BG))
+    p.set_background_enabled(True)
+    assert p.background_source_type == "capture_raw"
+
+    n = min(758, int(p.calib_file_envelope.size))
+    sweep = np.linspace(-100.0, 100.0, n, dtype=np.float32)
+    res = p.process(sweep, channel=1, update_references=False)
+    assert res.calibration_applied is True
+    assert res.background_applied is True
+    assert res.calibration_source == "capture"
+    assert "background_capture(raw->calib)" in res.stage_trace
+
+
+def test_preprocessor_applies_background_for_ch0_reference_too():
+    p = SweepPreprocessor(norm_type="projector", auto_save_live_calib_envelope=False)
+    p.set_capture_parse_options(fancy=False, logscale=False)
+    assert p.load_background_reference(str(SAMPLE_BG))
+    p.set_background_enabled(True)
+
+    n = min(758, int(p.background.size)) if p.background is not None else 758
+    raw = np.linspace(-10.0, 10.0, n, dtype=np.float32)
+    res = p.process(raw, channel=0, update_references=True)
+
+    assert res.is_calibration_reference is True
+    assert res.background_applied is True
+    assert np.any(np.abs(res.processed_sweep - raw) > 0)
+    assert p.last_calib_sweep is not None
+    assert np.allclose(p.last_calib_sweep[:n], raw[:n], equal_nan=True)

tests/test_fourier_complex_modes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.fourier import (
+    compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep,
+    reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace,
+)
+
+
+def test_reconstruct_complex_spectrum_arccos_mode_returns_complex128():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-3.0, 7.0, 128, dtype=np.float32)
+    z = reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(sweep, complex_mode="arccos")
+    assert z.dtype == np.complex128
+    assert z.shape == sweep.shape
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.real(z)))
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.imag(z)))
+
+
+def test_reconstruct_complex_spectrum_diff_mode_returns_complex128():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 128, dtype=np.float32)
+    z = reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(sweep, complex_mode="diff")
+    assert z.dtype == np.complex128
+    assert z.shape == sweep.shape
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.real(z)))
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.imag(z)))
+
+
+def test_reconstruct_complex_spectrum_diff_mode_projects_to_unit_circle():
+    sweep = np.sin(np.linspace(0.0, 6.0 * np.pi, 256)).astype(np.float32)
+    z = reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(sweep, complex_mode="diff")
+    mag = np.abs(z)
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(mag))
+    assert np.allclose(mag, np.ones_like(mag), atol=1e-5, rtol=0.0)
+
+
+def test_compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep_accepts_both_modes():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-5.0, 5.0, 257, dtype=np.float32)
+    d1, y1 = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(sweep, complex_mode="arccos")
+    d2, y2 = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(sweep, complex_mode="diff")
+
+    assert d1.dtype == np.float32 and y1.dtype == np.float32
+    assert d2.dtype == np.float32 and y2.dtype == np.float32
+    assert d1.size == y1.size and d2.size == y2.size
+    assert d1.size > 0 and d2.size > 0
+    assert np.all(np.diff(d1) >= 0.0)
+    assert np.all(np.diff(d2) >= 0.0)
+
+
+def test_invalid_complex_mode_falls_back_deterministically_in_outer_wrapper():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 64, dtype=np.float32)
+    depth, y = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(sweep, complex_mode="unknown")
+    assert depth.dtype == np.float32
+    assert y.dtype == np.float32
+    assert depth.size == y.size
+    assert depth.size > 0

tests/test_fourier_phase_reconstruction.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.fourier import (
+    build_frequency_axis_hz,
+    compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep,
+    normalize_sweep_for_phase,
+    perform_ifft_depth_response,
+    reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace,
+    unwrap_arccos_phase_continuous,
+)
+
+
+def test_normalize_sweep_for_phase_max_abs_and_finite():
+    sweep = np.array([np.nan, -10.0, 5.0, 20.0, -40.0, np.inf, -np.inf], dtype=np.float32)
+    x = normalize_sweep_for_phase(sweep)
+    assert x.dtype == np.float64
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(x))
+    assert np.max(np.abs(x)) <= 1.0 + 1e-12
+
+
+def test_arccos_unwrap_continuous_recovers_complex_phase_without_large_jumps():
+    phi_true = np.linspace(0.0, 4.0 * np.pi, 1000, dtype=np.float64)
+    x = np.cos(phi_true)
+
+    phi_rec = unwrap_arccos_phase_continuous(x)
+    assert phi_rec.shape == phi_true.shape
+    assert np.max(np.abs(np.diff(phi_rec))) < 0.2
+
+    z_true = np.exp(1j * phi_true)
+    z_rec = np.exp(1j * phi_rec)
+    assert np.allclose(z_rec, z_true, atol=2e-2, rtol=0.0)
+
+
+def test_reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace_output_complex128():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 64, dtype=np.float32)
+    z = reconstruct_complex_spectrum_from_real_trace(sweep)
+    assert z.dtype == np.complex128
+    assert z.shape == sweep.shape
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.real(z)))
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(np.imag(z)))
+
+
+def test_perform_ifft_depth_response_basic_abs():
+    n = 128
+    freqs = build_frequency_axis_hz(n)
+    s = np.exp(1j * np.linspace(0.0, 2.0 * np.pi, n, dtype=np.float64))
+
+    depth_m, y = perform_ifft_depth_response(s, freqs, axis="abs")
+
+    assert depth_m.dtype == np.float32
+    assert y.dtype == np.float32
+    assert depth_m.ndim == 1 and y.ndim == 1
+    assert depth_m.size == y.size
+    assert depth_m.size >= n
+    assert np.all(np.diff(depth_m) >= 0.0)
+    assert np.all(y >= 0.0)
+
+
+def test_perform_ifft_depth_response_bad_grid_returns_fallback_not_exception():
+    s = np.ones(16, dtype=np.complex128)
+    freqs_desc = np.linspace(10.0, 1.0, 16, dtype=np.float64)
+    depth_m, y = perform_ifft_depth_response(s, freqs_desc, axis="abs")
+    assert depth_m.size == y.size
+    assert depth_m.size == s.size
+    assert np.all(np.isfinite(depth_m))
+
+
+def test_compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep_returns_depth_and_linear_abs():
+    sweep = np.linspace(-5.0, 7.0, 257, dtype=np.float32)
+    depth_m, y = compute_ifft_profile_from_sweep(sweep)
+    assert depth_m.dtype == np.float32
+    assert y.dtype == np.float32
+    assert depth_m.size == y.size
+    assert depth_m.size > 0
+    assert np.all(np.diff(depth_m) >= 0.0)

tests/test_ring_buffer_fft_axis.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+
+
+def test_ring_buffer_allocates_fft_buffers_from_first_push():
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps=4)
+    ring.ensure_init(64)
+
+    sweep = np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 64, dtype=np.float32)
+    ring.push(sweep)
+
+    assert ring.ring_fft is not None
+    assert ring.fft_depth_axis_m is not None
+    assert ring.last_fft_vals is not None
+    assert ring.fft_bins == ring.ring_fft.shape[1]
+    assert ring.fft_bins == ring.fft_depth_axis_m.size
+    assert ring.fft_bins == ring.last_fft_vals.size
+    # Legacy alias kept for compatibility with existing GUI code paths.
+    assert ring.fft_time_axis is ring.fft_depth_axis_m
+
+
+def test_ring_buffer_reallocates_fft_buffers_when_ifft_length_changes():
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps=4)
+    ring.ensure_init(512)
+
+    ring.push(np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 64, dtype=np.float32))
+    first_bins = ring.fft_bins
+    first_shape = None if ring.ring_fft is None else ring.ring_fft.shape
+
+    ring.push(np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 512, dtype=np.float32))
+    second_bins = ring.fft_bins
+    second_shape = None if ring.ring_fft is None else ring.ring_fft.shape
+
+    assert ring.ring is not None  # raw ring сохраняется
+    assert first_shape is not None and second_shape is not None
+    assert first_bins != second_bins
+    assert second_shape == (ring.max_sweeps, second_bins)
+    assert ring.fft_depth_axis_m is not None
+    assert ring.fft_depth_axis_m.size == second_bins
+
+
+def test_ring_buffer_mode_switch_resets_fft_buffers_only():
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps=4)
+    ring.ensure_init(128)
+
+    ring.push(np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 128, dtype=np.float32))
+    assert ring.ring is not None
+    assert ring.ring_fft is not None
+    raw_before = ring.ring.copy()
+
+    changed = ring.set_fft_complex_mode("diff")
+    assert changed is True
+    assert ring.fft_complex_mode == "diff"
+    assert ring.ring is not None
+    assert np.array_equal(ring.ring, raw_before, equal_nan=True)
+    assert ring.ring_fft is None
+    assert ring.fft_depth_axis_m is None
+    assert ring.last_fft_vals is None
+    assert ring.fft_bins == 0
+
+    ring.push(np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, 128, dtype=np.float32))
+    assert ring.ring_fft is not None
+    assert ring.fft_depth_axis_m is not None
+    assert ring.last_fft_vals is not None