new project structure

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+my_picocom_logfile.txt
+*pyc
+__pycache__/
+*.log
+*.tmp
+*.bak
+*.swp
+*.swo       

RFG_ADC_dataplotter.py

@@ -85,6 +85,116 @@ def _parse_spec_clip(spec: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
         return None
 
 
+def _normalize_sweep_simple(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Простая нормировка: поэлементное деление raw/calib."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
+        out[:w] = raw[:w] / calib[:w]
+    out = np.nan_to_num(out, nan=np.nan, posinf=np.nan, neginf=np.nan)
+    return out
+
+
+def _build_calib_envelopes(calib: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Оценить нижнюю/верхнюю огибающие калибровочной кривой."""
+    n = int(calib.size)
+    if n <= 0:
+        empty = np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.float32)
+        return empty, empty
+
+    y = np.asarray(calib, dtype=np.float32)
+    finite = np.isfinite(y)
+    if not np.any(finite):
+        zeros = np.zeros_like(y, dtype=np.float32)
+        return zeros, zeros
+
+    if not np.all(finite):
+        x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+        y = y.copy()
+        y[~finite] = np.interp(x[~finite], x[finite], y[finite]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    if n < 3:
+        return y.copy(), y.copy()
+
+    dy = np.diff(y)
+    s = np.sign(dy).astype(np.int8, copy=False)
+
+    if np.any(s == 0):
+        for i in range(1, s.size):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i - 1]
+        for i in range(s.size - 2, -1, -1):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i + 1]
+        s[s == 0] = 1
+
+    max_idx = np.where((s[:-1] > 0) & (s[1:] < 0))[0] + 1
+    min_idx = np.where((s[:-1] < 0) & (s[1:] > 0))[0] + 1
+
+    x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+
+    def _interp_nodes(nodes: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+        if nodes.size == 0:
+            idx = np.array([0, n - 1], dtype=np.int64)
+        else:
+            idx = np.unique(np.concatenate(([0], nodes, [n - 1]))).astype(np.int64)
+        return np.interp(x, idx.astype(np.float32), y[idx]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    upper = _interp_nodes(max_idx)
+    lower = _interp_nodes(min_idx)
+
+    swap = lower > upper
+    if np.any(swap):
+        tmp = upper[swap].copy()
+        upper[swap] = lower[swap]
+        lower[swap] = tmp
+
+    return lower, upper
+
+
+def _normalize_sweep_projector(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка через проекцию между огибающими калибровки в диапазон [-1, +1]."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    raw_seg = np.asarray(raw[:w], dtype=np.float32)
+    lower, upper = _build_calib_envelopes(np.asarray(calib[:w], dtype=np.float32))
+    span = upper - lower
+
+    finite_span = span[np.isfinite(span) & (span > 0)]
+    if finite_span.size > 0:
+        eps = max(float(np.median(finite_span)) * 1e-6, 1e-9)
+    else:
+        eps = 1e-9
+
+    valid = (
+        np.isfinite(raw_seg)
+        & np.isfinite(lower)
+        & np.isfinite(upper)
+        & (span > eps)
+    )
+    if np.any(valid):
+        proj = np.empty_like(raw_seg, dtype=np.float32)
+        proj[valid] = ((2.0 * (raw_seg[valid] - lower[valid]) / span[valid]) - 1.0) * 1000.0
+        proj[valid] = np.clip(proj[valid], -1000.0, 1000.0)
+        proj[~valid] = np.nan
+        out[:w] = proj
+
+    return out
+
+
+def _normalize_by_calib(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray, norm_type: str) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка свипа по выбранному алгоритму."""
+    nt = str(norm_type).strip().lower()
+    if nt == "simple":
+        return _normalize_sweep_simple(raw, calib)
+    return _normalize_sweep_projector(raw, calib)
+
+
 def try_open_pyserial(path: str, baud: int, timeout: float):
     try:
         import serial  # type: ignore
@@ -532,6 +642,12 @@ def main():
         default="auto",
         help="Графический бэкенд: pyqtgraph (pg) — быстрее; matplotlib (mpl) — совместимый. По умолчанию auto",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--norm-type",
+        choices=["projector", "simple"],
+        default="projector",
+        help="Тип нормировки: projector (по огибающим в [-1,+1]) или simple (raw/calib)",
+    )
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -592,6 +708,7 @@ def main():
     ymax_slider = None
     contrast_slider = None
     calib_enabled = False
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
     cb = None
 
     # Статусная строка (внизу окна)
@@ -674,15 +791,9 @@ def main():
         ax_spec.tick_params(axis="x", labelbottom=False)
     except Exception:
         pass
+
     def _normalize_sweep(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
-        w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+        return _normalize_by_calib(raw, calib, norm_type=norm_type)
-        if w <= 0:
-            return raw
-        out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
-        with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
-            out[:w] = raw[:w] / calib[:w]
-        out = np.nan_to_num(out, nan=np.nan, posinf=np.nan, neginf=np.nan)
-        return out
 
     def _set_calib_enabled():
         nonlocal calib_enabled, current_sweep_norm
@@ -1146,6 +1257,7 @@ def run_pyqtgraph(args):
     spec_clip = _parse_spec_clip(getattr(args, "spec_clip", None))
     spec_mean_sec = float(getattr(args, "spec_mean_sec", 0.0))
     calib_enabled = False
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
     # Диапазон по Y: авто по умолчанию (поддерживает отрицательные значения)
     fixed_ylim: Optional[Tuple[float, float]] = None
     if args.ylim:
@@ -1158,14 +1270,7 @@ def run_pyqtgraph(args):
         p_line.setYRange(fixed_ylim[0], fixed_ylim[1], padding=0)
 
     def _normalize_sweep(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
-        w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+        return _normalize_by_calib(raw, calib, norm_type=norm_type)
-        if w <= 0:
-            return raw
-        out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
-        with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
-            out[:w] = raw[:w] / calib[:w]
-        out = np.nan_to_num(out, nan=np.nan, posinf=np.nan, neginf=np.nan)
-        return out
 
     def _set_calib_enabled():
         nonlocal calib_enabled, current_sweep_norm

replay_pty.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Эмулятор серийного порта: воспроизводит лог-файл в цикле через PTY.
+
+Использование:
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --pty /tmp/ttyVIRT0
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --speed 2.0   # в 2 раза быстрее реального
+  python3 replay_pty.py my_picocom_logfile.txt --speed 0     # максимально быстро
+
+Затем в другом терминале:
+  python -m rfg_adc_plotter.main /tmp/ttyVIRT0
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Воспроизводит лог-файл через PTY как виртуальный серийный порт."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("file", help="Путь к лог-файлу (например my_picocom_logfile.txt)")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pty",
+        default="/tmp/ttyVIRT0",
+        help="Путь симлинка PTY (по умолчанию /tmp/ttyVIRT0)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--speed",
+        type=float,
+        default=1.0,
+        help=(
+            "Множитель скорости воспроизведения: "
+            "1.0 = реальное время при --baud, "
+            "2.0 = вдвое быстрее, "
+            "0 = максимально быстро"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--baud",
+        type=int,
+        default=115200,
+        help="Скорость (бод) для расчёта задержек (по умолчанию 115200)",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(args.file):
+        sys.stderr.write(f"[error] Файл не найден: {args.file}\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Открываем PTY-пару: master (мы пишем) / slave (GUI читает)
+    master_fd, slave_fd = os.openpty()
+    slave_path = os.ttyname(slave_fd)
+    os.close(slave_fd)  # GUI откроет slave сам по симлинку
+
+    # Симлинк с удобным именем
+    try:
+        os.unlink(args.pty)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    os.symlink(slave_path, args.pty)
+
+    print(f"PTY slave : {slave_path}")
+    print(f"Симлинк   : {args.pty}  →  {slave_path}")
+    print(f"Запустите : python -m rfg_adc_plotter.main {args.pty}")
+    print("Ctrl+C для остановки.\n")
+
+    # Задержка на байт: 10 бит (8N1) / скорость / множитель
+    if args.speed > 0:
+        bytes_per_sec = args.baud / 10.0 * args.speed
+        delay_per_byte = 1.0 / bytes_per_sec
+    else:
+        delay_per_byte = 0.0
+
+    loop = 0
+    try:
+        while True:
+            loop += 1
+            print(f"[loop {loop}] {args.file}")
+            with open(args.file, "rb") as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    os.write(master_fd, line)
+                    if delay_per_byte > 0:
+                        time.sleep(delay_per_byte * len(line))
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\nОстановлено.")
+    finally:
+        try:
+            os.unlink(args.pty)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            os.close(master_fd)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

rfg_adc_plotter/constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+WF_WIDTH = 1000  # максимальное число точек в ряду водопада
+FFT_LEN = 1024   # длина БПФ для спектра/водопада спектров
+# Порог для инверсии сырых данных: если среднее значение свипа ниже порога —
+# считаем, что сигнал «меньше нуля» и домножаем свип на -1
+DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD = 10.0

rfg_adc_plotter/gui/matplotlib_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+"""Matplotlib-бэкенд реалтайм-плоттера свипов."""
+
+import sys
+import threading
+from queue import Queue
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import FFT_LEN
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_reader import SweepReader
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.app_state import AppState, format_status
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+def _parse_ylim(ylim_str: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not ylim_str:
+        return None
+    try:
+        y0, y1 = ylim_str.split(",")
+        return (float(y0), float(y1))
+    except Exception:
+        sys.stderr.write("[warn] Некорректный формат --ylim, игнорирую. Ожидалось min,max\n")
+        return None
+
+
+def _parse_spec_clip(spec: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not spec:
+        return None
+    s = str(spec).strip().lower()
+    if s in ("off", "none", "no"):
+        return None
+    try:
+        p0, p1 = s.replace(";", ",").split(",")
+        low, high = float(p0), float(p1)
+        if not (0.0 <= low < high <= 100.0):
+            return None
+        return (low, high)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _visible_levels(data: np.ndarray, axis) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    """(vmin, vmax) по текущей видимой области imshow."""
+    if data.size == 0:
+        return None
+    ny, nx = data.shape[0], data.shape[1]
+    try:
+        x0, x1 = axis.get_xlim()
+        y0, y1 = axis.get_ylim()
+    except Exception:
+        x0, x1 = 0.0, float(nx - 1)
+        y0, y1 = 0.0, float(ny - 1)
+    xmin, xmax = sorted((float(x0), float(x1)))
+    ymin, ymax = sorted((float(y0), float(y1)))
+    ix0 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.floor(xmin))))
+    ix1 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.ceil(xmax))))
+    iy0 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.floor(ymin))))
+    iy1 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.ceil(ymax))))
+    if ix1 < ix0:
+        ix1 = ix0
+    if iy1 < iy0:
+        iy1 = iy0
+    sub = data[iy0 : iy1 + 1, ix0 : ix1 + 1]
+    finite = np.isfinite(sub)
+    if not finite.any():
+        return None
+    vals = sub[finite]
+    vmin = float(np.min(vals))
+    vmax = float(np.max(vals))
+    if not (np.isfinite(vmin) and np.isfinite(vmax)) or vmin == vmax:
+        return None
+    return (vmin, vmax)
+
+
+def run_matplotlib(args):
+    try:
+        import matplotlib
+        import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+        from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
+        from matplotlib.widgets import CheckButtons, Slider
+    except Exception as e:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"[error] Нужны matplotlib и её зависимости: {e}\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    q: Queue[SweepPacket] = Queue(maxsize=1000)
+    stop_event = threading.Event()
+    reader = SweepReader(args.port, args.baud, q, stop_event, fancy=bool(args.fancy))
+    reader.start()
+
+    max_sweeps = int(max(10, args.max_sweeps))
+    max_fps = max(1.0, float(args.max_fps))
+    interval_ms = int(1000.0 / max_fps)
+    spec_clip = _parse_spec_clip(getattr(args, "spec_clip", None))
+    spec_mean_sec = float(getattr(args, "spec_mean_sec", 0.0))
+    fixed_ylim = _parse_ylim(getattr(args, "ylim", None))
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
+
+    state = AppState(norm_type=norm_type)
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps)
+
+    # --- Создание фигуры ---
+    fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(12, 8))
+    (ax_line, ax_img), (ax_fft, ax_spec) = axs
+    if hasattr(fig.canvas.manager, "set_window_title"):
+        fig.canvas.manager.set_window_title(args.title)
+    fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.25, hspace=0.35, left=0.07, right=0.90, top=0.92, bottom=0.08)
+
+    # Статусная строка
+    status_text = fig.text(0.01, 0.01, "", ha="left", va="bottom", fontsize=8, family="monospace")
+
+    # График последнего свипа
+    line_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:blue")
+    line_calib_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:red")
+    line_norm_obj, = ax_line.plot([], [], lw=1, color="tab:green")
+    ax_line.set_title("Сырые данные", pad=1)
+    ax_line.set_xlabel("F")
+    channel_text = ax_line.text(
+        0.98, 0.98, "", transform=ax_line.transAxes,
+        ha="right", va="top", fontsize=9, family="monospace",
+    )
+    if fixed_ylim is not None:
+        ax_line.set_ylim(fixed_ylim)
+
+    # График спектра
+    fft_line_obj, = ax_fft.plot([], [], lw=1)
+    ax_fft.set_title("FFT", pad=1)
+    ax_fft.set_xlabel("X")
+    ax_fft.set_ylabel("Амплитуда, дБ")
+
+    # Водопад сырых данных
+    img_obj = ax_img.imshow(
+        np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32),
+        aspect="auto", interpolation="nearest", origin="lower", cmap=args.cmap,
+    )
+    ax_img.set_title("Сырые данные", pad=12)
+    ax_img.set_ylabel("частота")
+    try:
+        ax_img.tick_params(axis="x", labelbottom=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Водопад спектров
+    img_fft_obj = ax_spec.imshow(
+        np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32),
+        aspect="auto", interpolation="nearest", origin="lower", cmap=args.cmap,
+    )
+    ax_spec.set_title("B-scan (дБ)", pad=12)
+    ax_spec.set_ylabel("расстояние")
+    try:
+        ax_spec.tick_params(axis="x", labelbottom=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Слайдеры и чекбокс
+    contrast_slider = None
+    try:
+        fft_bins = ring.fft_bins
+        ax_smin = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_smax = fig.add_axes([0.95, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_sctr = fig.add_axes([0.98, 0.55, 0.02, 0.35])
+        ax_cb = fig.add_axes([0.92, 0.45, 0.08, 0.08])
+        ymin_slider = Slider(ax_smin, "Y min", 0, max(1, fft_bins - 1), valinit=0, valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        ymax_slider = Slider(ax_smax, "Y max", 0, max(1, fft_bins - 1), valinit=max(1, fft_bins - 1), valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        contrast_slider = Slider(ax_sctr, "Int max", 0, 100, valinit=100, valstep=1, orientation="vertical")
+        calib_cb = CheckButtons(ax_cb, ["калибровка"], [False])
+
+        def _on_ylim_change(_val):
+            try:
+                y0 = int(min(ymin_slider.val, ymax_slider.val))
+                y1 = int(max(ymin_slider.val, ymax_slider.val))
+                ax_spec.set_ylim(y0, y1)
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        ymin_slider.on_changed(_on_ylim_change)
+        ymax_slider.on_changed(_on_ylim_change)
+        contrast_slider.on_changed(lambda _v: fig.canvas.draw_idle())
+        calib_cb.on_clicked(lambda _v: state.set_calib_enabled(
+            bool(calib_cb.get_status()[0])
+        ))
+    except Exception:
+        calib_cb = None
+
+    # --- Инициализация imshow при первом свипе ---
+    def _init_imshow_extents():
+        w = ring.width
+        ms = ring.max_sweeps
+        fb = ring.fft_bins
+        img_obj.set_data(np.zeros((w, ms), dtype=np.float32))
+        img_obj.set_extent((0, ms - 1, 0, w - 1 if w > 0 else 1))
+        ax_img.set_xlim(0, ms - 1)
+        ax_img.set_ylim(0, max(1, w - 1))
+        img_fft_obj.set_data(np.zeros((fb, ms), dtype=np.float32))
+        img_fft_obj.set_extent((0, ms - 1, 0, fb - 1))
+        ax_spec.set_xlim(0, ms - 1)
+        ax_spec.set_ylim(0, max(1, fb - 1))
+
+    _imshow_initialized = [False]
+
+    def update(_frame):
+        changed = state.drain_queue(q, ring) > 0
+
+        if changed and not _imshow_initialized[0] and ring.is_ready:
+            _init_imshow_extents()
+            _imshow_initialized[0] = True
+
+        # Линейный график свипа
+        if state.current_sweep_raw is not None:
+            raw = state.current_sweep_raw
+            if ring.x_shared is not None and raw.size <= ring.x_shared.size:
+                xs = ring.x_shared[: raw.size]
+            else:
+                xs = np.arange(raw.size, dtype=np.int32)
+            line_obj.set_data(xs, raw)
+            if state.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+                line_calib_obj.set_data(xs[: state.last_calib_sweep.size], state.last_calib_sweep)
+            else:
+                line_calib_obj.set_data([], [])
+            if state.current_sweep_norm is not None:
+                line_norm_obj.set_data(xs[: state.current_sweep_norm.size], state.current_sweep_norm)
+            else:
+                line_norm_obj.set_data([], [])
+            ax_line.set_xlim(0, max(1, raw.size - 1))
+            if fixed_ylim is None:
+                y0 = float(np.nanmin(raw))
+                y1 = float(np.nanmax(raw))
+                if np.isfinite(y0) and np.isfinite(y1):
+                    if y0 == y1:
+                        pad = max(1.0, abs(y0) * 0.05)
+                        y0 -= pad
+                        y1 += pad
+                    else:
+                        pad = 0.05 * (y1 - y0)
+                        y0 -= pad
+                        y1 += pad
+                    ax_line.set_ylim(y0, y1)
+
+            # Спектр — используем уже вычисленный в ring FFT
+            if ring.last_fft_vals is not None and ring.freq_shared is not None:
+                fft_vals = ring.last_fft_vals
+                xs_fft = ring.freq_shared
+                if fft_vals.size > xs_fft.size:
+                    fft_vals = fft_vals[: xs_fft.size]
+                fft_line_obj.set_data(xs_fft[: fft_vals.size], fft_vals)
+                if np.isfinite(np.nanmin(fft_vals)) and np.isfinite(np.nanmax(fft_vals)):
+                    ax_fft.set_xlim(0, max(1, xs_fft.size - 1))
+                    ax_fft.set_ylim(float(np.nanmin(fft_vals)), float(np.nanmax(fft_vals)))
+
+        # Водопад сырых данных
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp = ring.get_display_ring()
+            img_obj.set_data(disp)
+            levels = _visible_levels(disp, ax_img)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img_obj.set_clim(vmin=levels[0], vmax=levels[1])
+
+        # Водопад спектров
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp_fft = ring.get_display_ring_fft()
+            disp_fft = ring.subtract_recent_mean_fft(disp_fft, spec_mean_sec)
+            img_fft_obj.set_data(disp_fft)
+            levels = ring.compute_fft_levels(disp_fft, spec_clip)
+            if levels is not None:
+                try:
+                    c = float(contrast_slider.val) / 100.0 if contrast_slider is not None else 1.0
+                except Exception:
+                    c = 1.0
+                vmax_eff = levels[0] + c * (levels[1] - levels[0])
+                img_fft_obj.set_clim(vmin=levels[0], vmax=vmax_eff)
+
+        # Статус и подпись канала
+        if changed and state.current_info:
+            status_text.set_text(format_status(state.current_info))
+            channel_text.set_text(state.format_channel_label())
+
+        return (line_obj, line_calib_obj, line_norm_obj, img_obj, fft_line_obj, img_fft_obj, status_text, channel_text)
+
+    ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, interval=interval_ms, blit=False)
+    plt.show()
+    stop_event.set()
+    reader.join(timeout=1.0)

rfg_adc_plotter/gui/pyqtgraph_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+"""PyQtGraph-бэкенд реалтайм-плоттера свипов."""
+
+import sys
+import threading
+from queue import Queue
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.sweep_reader import SweepReader
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.app_state import AppState, format_status
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepPacket
+
+
+def _parse_ylim(ylim_str: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not ylim_str:
+        return None
+    try:
+        y0, y1 = ylim_str.split(",")
+        return (float(y0), float(y1))
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _parse_spec_clip(spec: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    if not spec:
+        return None
+    s = str(spec).strip().lower()
+    if s in ("off", "none", "no"):
+        return None
+    try:
+        p0, p1 = s.replace(";", ",").split(",")
+        low, high = float(p0), float(p1)
+        if not (0.0 <= low < high <= 100.0):
+            return None
+        return (low, high)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _visible_levels(data: np.ndarray, plot_item) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+    """(vmin, vmax) по текущей видимой области ImageItem."""
+    if data.size == 0:
+        return None
+    ny, nx = data.shape[0], data.shape[1]
+    try:
+        (x0, x1), (y0, y1) = plot_item.viewRange()
+    except Exception:
+        x0, x1 = 0.0, float(nx - 1)
+        y0, y1 = 0.0, float(ny - 1)
+    xmin, xmax = sorted((float(x0), float(x1)))
+    ymin, ymax = sorted((float(y0), float(y1)))
+    ix0 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.floor(xmin))))
+    ix1 = max(0, min(nx - 1, int(np.ceil(xmax))))
+    iy0 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.floor(ymin))))
+    iy1 = max(0, min(ny - 1, int(np.ceil(ymax))))
+    if ix1 < ix0:
+        ix1 = ix0
+    if iy1 < iy0:
+        iy1 = iy0
+    sub = data[iy0 : iy1 + 1, ix0 : ix1 + 1]
+    finite = np.isfinite(sub)
+    if not finite.any():
+        return None
+    vals = sub[finite]
+    vmin = float(np.min(vals))
+    vmax = float(np.max(vals))
+    if not (np.isfinite(vmin) and np.isfinite(vmax)) or vmin == vmax:
+        return None
+    return (vmin, vmax)
+
+
+def run_pyqtgraph(args):
+    """Быстрый GUI на PyQtGraph. Требует pyqtgraph и PyQt5/PySide6."""
+    try:
+        import pyqtgraph as pg
+        from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets  # noqa: F401
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            import pyqtgraph as pg
+            from PySide6 import QtCore, QtWidgets  # noqa: F401
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "pyqtgraph/PyQt5(PySide6) не найдены. Установите: pip install pyqtgraph PyQt5"
+            ) from e
+
+    q: Queue[SweepPacket] = Queue(maxsize=1000)
+    stop_event = threading.Event()
+    reader = SweepReader(args.port, args.baud, q, stop_event, fancy=bool(args.fancy))
+    reader.start()
+
+    max_sweeps = int(max(10, args.max_sweeps))
+    max_fps = max(1.0, float(args.max_fps))
+    interval_ms = int(1000.0 / max_fps)
+    spec_clip = _parse_spec_clip(getattr(args, "spec_clip", None))
+    spec_mean_sec = float(getattr(args, "spec_mean_sec", 0.0))
+    fixed_ylim = _parse_ylim(getattr(args, "ylim", None))
+    norm_type = str(getattr(args, "norm_type", "projector")).strip().lower()
+
+    state = AppState(norm_type=norm_type)
+    ring = RingBuffer(max_sweeps)
+
+    # --- Создание окна ---
+    pg.setConfigOptions(useOpenGL=True, antialias=False)
+    app = pg.mkQApp(args.title)
+    win = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget(show=True, title=args.title)
+    win.resize(1200, 600)
+
+    # График последнего свипа (слева-сверху)
+    p_line = win.addPlot(row=0, col=0, title="Сырые данные")
+    p_line.showGrid(x=True, y=True, alpha=0.3)
+    curve = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((80, 120, 255), width=1))
+    curve_calib = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((220, 60, 60), width=1))
+    curve_norm = p_line.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((60, 180, 90), width=1))
+    p_line.setLabel("bottom", "X")
+    p_line.setLabel("left", "Y")
+    ch_text = pg.TextItem("", anchor=(1, 1))
+    ch_text.setZValue(10)
+    p_line.addItem(ch_text)
+    if fixed_ylim is not None:
+        p_line.setYRange(fixed_ylim[0], fixed_ylim[1], padding=0)
+
+    # Водопад (справа-сверху)
+    p_img = win.addPlot(row=0, col=1, title="Сырые данные водопад")
+    p_img.invertY(False)
+    p_img.showGrid(x=False, y=False)
+    p_img.setLabel("bottom", "Время (новое справа)")
+    try:
+        p_img.getAxis("bottom").setStyle(showValues=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    p_img.setLabel("left", "X (0 снизу)")
+    img = pg.ImageItem()
+    p_img.addItem(img)
+
+    # Применяем LUT из цветовой карты
+    try:
+        cm = pg.colormap.get(args.cmap)
+        img.setLookupTable(cm.getLookupTable(0.0, 1.0, 256))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # FFT (слева-снизу)
+    p_fft = win.addPlot(row=1, col=0, title="FFT")
+    p_fft.showGrid(x=True, y=True, alpha=0.3)
+    curve_fft = p_fft.plot(pen=pg.mkPen((255, 120, 80), width=1))
+    p_fft.setLabel("bottom", "Бин")
+    p_fft.setLabel("left", "Амплитуда, дБ")
+
+    # Водопад спектров (справа-снизу)
+    p_spec = win.addPlot(row=1, col=1, title="B-scan (дБ)")
+    p_spec.invertY(True)
+    p_spec.showGrid(x=False, y=False)
+    p_spec.setLabel("bottom", "Время (новое справа)")
+    try:
+        p_spec.getAxis("bottom").setStyle(showValues=False)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    p_spec.setLabel("left", "Бин (0 снизу)")
+    img_fft = pg.ImageItem()
+    p_spec.addItem(img_fft)
+
+    # Чекбокс калибровки
+    calib_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox("калибровка")
+    cb_proxy = QtWidgets.QGraphicsProxyWidget()
+    cb_proxy.setWidget(calib_cb)
+    win.addItem(cb_proxy, row=2, col=1)
+    calib_cb.stateChanged.connect(lambda _v: state.set_calib_enabled(calib_cb.isChecked()))
+
+    # Статусная строка
+    status = pg.LabelItem(justify="left")
+    win.addItem(status, row=3, col=0, colspan=2)
+
+    _imshow_initialized = [False]
+
+    def _init_imshow_extents():
+        w = ring.width
+        ms = ring.max_sweeps
+        fb = ring.fft_bins
+        img.setImage(ring.ring.T, autoLevels=False)
+        p_img.setRange(xRange=(0, ms - 1), yRange=(0, max(1, w - 1)), padding=0)
+        p_line.setXRange(0, max(1, w - 1), padding=0)
+        img_fft.setImage(ring.ring_fft.T, autoLevels=False)
+        p_spec.setRange(xRange=(0, ms - 1), yRange=(0, max(1, fb - 1)), padding=0)
+        p_fft.setXRange(0, max(1, fb - 1), padding=0)
+
+    def update():
+        changed = state.drain_queue(q, ring) > 0
+
+        if changed and not _imshow_initialized[0] and ring.is_ready:
+            _init_imshow_extents()
+            _imshow_initialized[0] = True
+
+        # Линейный график свипа
+        if state.current_sweep_raw is not None and ring.x_shared is not None:
+            raw = state.current_sweep_raw
+            xs = ring.x_shared[: raw.size] if raw.size <= ring.x_shared.size else np.arange(raw.size)
+            curve.setData(xs, raw, autoDownsample=True)
+            if state.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+                curve_calib.setData(xs[: state.last_calib_sweep.size], state.last_calib_sweep, autoDownsample=True)
+            else:
+                curve_calib.setData([], [])
+            if state.current_sweep_norm is not None:
+                curve_norm.setData(xs[: state.current_sweep_norm.size], state.current_sweep_norm, autoDownsample=True)
+            else:
+                curve_norm.setData([], [])
+            if fixed_ylim is None:
+                y0 = float(np.nanmin(raw))
+                y1 = float(np.nanmax(raw))
+                if np.isfinite(y0) and np.isfinite(y1):
+                    margin = 0.05 * max(1.0, (y1 - y0))
+                    p_line.setYRange(y0 - margin, y1 + margin, padding=0)
+
+            # Спектр — используем уже вычисленный в ring FFT
+            if ring.last_fft_vals is not None and ring.freq_shared is not None:
+                fft_vals = ring.last_fft_vals
+                xs_fft = ring.freq_shared
+                if fft_vals.size > xs_fft.size:
+                    fft_vals = fft_vals[: xs_fft.size]
+                curve_fft.setData(xs_fft[: fft_vals.size], fft_vals)
+                p_fft.setYRange(float(np.nanmin(fft_vals)), float(np.nanmax(fft_vals)), padding=0)
+
+            # Позиция подписи канала
+            try:
+                (x0, x1), (y0, y1) = p_line.viewRange()
+                dx = 0.01 * max(1.0, float(x1 - x0))
+                dy = 0.01 * max(1.0, float(y1 - y0))
+                ch_text.setPos(float(x1 - dx), float(y1 - dy))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # Водопад сырых данных — новые данные справа (без реверса)
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp = ring.get_display_ring()  # (width, time), новые справа
+            levels = _visible_levels(disp, p_img)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img.setImage(disp, autoLevels=False, levels=levels)
+            else:
+                img.setImage(disp, autoLevels=False)
+
+        # Статус и подпись канала
+        if changed and state.current_info:
+            try:
+                status.setText(format_status(state.current_info))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            ch_text.setText(state.format_channel_label())
+
+        # Водопад спектров — новые данные справа (без реверса)
+        if changed and ring.is_ready:
+            disp_fft = ring.get_display_ring_fft()  # (bins, time), новые справа
+            disp_fft = ring.subtract_recent_mean_fft(disp_fft, spec_mean_sec)
+            levels = ring.compute_fft_levels(disp_fft, spec_clip)
+            if levels is not None:
+                img_fft.setImage(disp_fft, autoLevels=False, levels=levels)
+            else:
+                img_fft.setImage(disp_fft, autoLevels=False)
+
+    timer = pg.QtCore.QTimer()
+    timer.timeout.connect(update)
+    timer.start(interval_ms)
+
+    def on_quit():
+        stop_event.set()
+        reader.join(timeout=1.0)
+
+    app.aboutToQuit.connect(on_quit)
+    win.show()
+    exec_fn = getattr(app, "exec_", None) or getattr(app, "exec", None)
+    exec_fn()
+    on_quit()

rfg_adc_plotter/io/serial_source.py

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+"""Источники последовательного ввода: обёртки над pyserial и raw TTY."""
+
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def try_open_pyserial(path: str, baud: int, timeout: float):
+    try:
+        import serial  # type: ignore
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    try:
+        ser = serial.Serial(path, baudrate=baud, timeout=timeout)
+        return ser
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+class FDReader:
+    """Простой враппер чтения строк из файлового дескриптора TTY."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fd: int):
+        self._fd = fd
+        raw = os.fdopen(fd, "rb", closefd=False)
+        self._file = raw
+        self._buf = io.BufferedReader(raw, buffer_size=65536)
+
+    def fileno(self) -> int:
+        return self._fd
+
+    def readline(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._buf.readline()
+
+    def close(self):
+        try:
+            self._buf.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+def open_raw_tty(path: str, baud: int) -> Optional[FDReader]:
+    """Открыть TTY без pyserial и настроить порт через termios.
+
+    Возвращает FDReader или None при ошибке.
+    """
+    try:
+        import termios
+        import tty
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        fd = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NOCTTY)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        attrs = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+        tty.setraw(fd)
+
+        baud_map = {
+            9600: termios.B9600,
+            19200: termios.B19200,
+            38400: termios.B38400,
+            57600: termios.B57600,
+            115200: termios.B115200,
+            230400: getattr(termios, "B230400", None),
+            460800: getattr(termios, "B460800", None),
+        }
+        b = baud_map.get(baud) or termios.B115200
+
+        attrs[4] = b  # ispeed
+        attrs[5] = b  # ospeed
+
+        # VMIN=1, VTIME=0 — блокирующее чтение по байту
+        cc = attrs[6]
+        cc[termios.VMIN] = 1
+        cc[termios.VTIME] = 0
+        attrs[6] = cc
+
+        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            os.close(fd)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return None
+
+    return FDReader(fd)
+
+
+class SerialLineSource:
+    """Единый интерфейс для чтения строк из порта (pyserial или raw TTY)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, path: str, baud: int, timeout: float = 1.0):
+        self._pyserial = try_open_pyserial(path, baud, timeout)
+        self._fdreader = None
+        self._using = "pyserial" if self._pyserial is not None else "raw"
+        if self._pyserial is None:
+            self._fdreader = open_raw_tty(path, baud)
+            if self._fdreader is None:
+                msg = f"Не удалось открыть порт '{path}' (pyserial и raw TTY не сработали)"
+                if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
+                    msg += ". На Windows нужен pyserial: pip install pyserial"
+                raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+    def readline(self) -> bytes:
+        if self._pyserial is not None:
+            try:
+                return self._pyserial.readline()
+            except Exception:
+                return b""
+        else:
+            try:
+                return self._fdreader.readline()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+            except Exception:
+                return b""
+
+    def close(self):
+        try:
+            if self._pyserial is not None:
+                self._pyserial.close()
+            elif self._fdreader is not None:
+                self._fdreader.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+class SerialChunkReader:
+    """Быстрое неблокирующее чтение чанков из serial/raw TTY для максимального дренажа буфера."""
+
+    def __init__(self, src: SerialLineSource):
+        self._src = src
+        self._ser = src._pyserial
+        self._fd: Optional[int] = None
+        if self._ser is not None:
+            try:
+                self._ser.timeout = 0
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        else:
+            try:
+                self._fd = src._fdreader.fileno()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                try:
+                    os.set_blocking(self._fd, False)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            except Exception:
+                self._fd = None
+
+    def read_available(self) -> bytes:
+        """Вернёт доступные байты (b"" если данных нет)."""
+        if self._ser is not None:
+            try:
+                n = int(getattr(self._ser, "in_waiting", 0))
+            except Exception:
+                n = 0
+            if n > 0:
+                try:
+                    return self._ser.read(n)
+                except Exception:
+                    return b""
+            return b""
+        if self._fd is None:
+            return b""
+        out = bytearray()
+        while True:
+            try:
+                chunk = os.read(self._fd, 65536)
+                if not chunk:
+                    break
+                out += chunk
+                if len(chunk) < 65536:
+                    break
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                break
+            except Exception:
+                break
+        return bytes(out)

rfg_adc_plotter/io/sweep_reader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+"""Фоновый поток чтения и парсинга свипов из последовательного порта."""
+
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+from collections import deque
+from queue import Full, Queue
+from typing import Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD
+from rfg_adc_plotter.io.serial_source import SerialChunkReader, SerialLineSource
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepInfo, SweepPacket
+
+
+class SweepReader(threading.Thread):
+    """Фоновый поток: читает строки, формирует завершённые свипы и кладёт в очередь."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        port_path: str,
+        baud: int,
+        out_queue: "Queue[SweepPacket]",
+        stop_event: threading.Event,
+        fancy: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(daemon=True)
+        self._port_path = port_path
+        self._baud = baud
+        self._q = out_queue
+        self._stop = stop_event
+        self._src: Optional[SerialLineSource] = None
+        self._fancy = bool(fancy)
+        self._max_width: int = 0
+        self._sweep_idx: int = 0
+        self._last_sweep_ts: Optional[float] = None
+        self._n_valid_hist = deque()
+
+    def _finalize_current(self, xs, ys, channels: Optional[set]):
+        if not xs:
+            return
+        ch_list = sorted(channels) if channels else [0]
+        ch_primary = ch_list[0] if ch_list else 0
+        max_x = max(xs)
+        width = max_x + 1
+        self._max_width = max(self._max_width, width)
+        target_width = self._max_width if self._fancy else width
+
+        sweep = np.full((target_width,), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        try:
+            idx = np.asarray(xs, dtype=np.int64)
+            vals = np.asarray(ys, dtype=np.float32)
+            sweep[idx] = vals
+        except Exception:
+            for x, y in zip(xs, ys):
+                if 0 <= x < target_width:
+                    sweep[x] = float(y)
+
+        finite_pre = np.isfinite(sweep)
+        n_valid_cur = int(np.count_nonzero(finite_pre))
+
+        if self._fancy:
+            try:
+                known = ~np.isnan(sweep)
+                if np.any(known):
+                    known_idx = np.nonzero(known)[0]
+                    for i0, i1 in zip(known_idx[:-1], known_idx[1:]):
+                        if i1 - i0 > 1:
+                            avg = (sweep[i0] + sweep[i1]) * 0.5
+                            sweep[i0 + 1 : i1] = avg
+                    first_idx = int(known_idx[0])
+                    last_idx = int(known_idx[-1])
+                    if first_idx > 0:
+                        sweep[:first_idx] = sweep[first_idx]
+                    if last_idx < sweep.size - 1:
+                        sweep[last_idx + 1 :] = sweep[last_idx]
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        try:
+            m = float(np.nanmean(sweep))
+            if np.isfinite(m) and m < DATA_INVERSION_THRESHOLD:
+                sweep *= -1.0
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        self._sweep_idx += 1
+        if len(ch_list) > 1:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                f"[warn] Sweep {self._sweep_idx}: изменялся номер канала: {ch_list}\n"
+            )
+        now = time.time()
+        if self._last_sweep_ts is None:
+            dt_ms = float("nan")
+        else:
+            dt_ms = (now - self._last_sweep_ts) * 1000.0
+        self._last_sweep_ts = now
+        self._n_valid_hist.append((now, n_valid_cur))
+        while self._n_valid_hist and (now - self._n_valid_hist[0][0]) > 1.0:
+            self._n_valid_hist.popleft()
+        if self._n_valid_hist:
+            n_valid = float(sum(v for _t, v in self._n_valid_hist) / len(self._n_valid_hist))
+        else:
+            n_valid = float(n_valid_cur)
+
+        if n_valid_cur > 0:
+            vmin = float(np.nanmin(sweep))
+            vmax = float(np.nanmax(sweep))
+            mean = float(np.nanmean(sweep))
+            std = float(np.nanstd(sweep))
+        else:
+            vmin = vmax = mean = std = float("nan")
+        info: SweepInfo = {
+            "sweep": self._sweep_idx,
+            "ch": ch_primary,
+            "chs": ch_list,
+            "n_valid": n_valid,
+            "min": vmin,
+            "max": vmax,
+            "mean": mean,
+            "std": std,
+            "dt_ms": dt_ms,
+        }
+
+        try:
+            self._q.put_nowait((sweep, info))
+        except Full:
+            try:
+                _ = self._q.get_nowait()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                self._q.put_nowait((sweep, info))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    def run(self):
+        xs: list = []
+        ys: list = []
+        cur_channel: Optional[int] = None
+        cur_channels: set = set()
+
+        try:
+            self._src = SerialLineSource(self._port_path, self._baud, timeout=1.0)
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[info] Открыл порт {self._port_path} ({self._src._using})\n")
+        except Exception as e:
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[error] {e}\n")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            chunk_reader = SerialChunkReader(self._src)
+            buf = bytearray()
+            while not self._stop.is_set():
+                data = chunk_reader.read_available()
+                if data:
+                    buf += data
+                else:
+                    time.sleep(0.0005)
+                    continue
+
+                while True:
+                    nl = buf.find(b"\n")
+                    if nl == -1:
+                        break
+                    line = bytes(buf[:nl])
+                    del buf[: nl + 1]
+                    if line.endswith(b"\r"):
+                        line = line[:-1]
+                    if not line:
+                        continue
+
+                    if line.startswith(b"Sweep_start"):
+                        self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+                        xs.clear()
+                        ys.clear()
+                        cur_channel = None
+                        cur_channels.clear()
+                        continue
+
+                    if len(line) >= 3:
+                        parts = line.split()
+                        if len(parts) >= 3 and (parts[0].lower() == b"s" or parts[0].lower().startswith(b"s")):
+                            try:
+                                if parts[0].lower() == b"s":
+                                    if len(parts) >= 4:
+                                        ch = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                        x = int(parts[2], 10)
+                                        y = int(parts[3], 10)
+                                    else:
+                                        ch = 0
+                                        x = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                        y = int(parts[2], 10)
+                                else:
+                                    ch = int(parts[0][1:], 10)
+                                    x = int(parts[1], 10)
+                                    y = int(parts[2], 10)
+                            except Exception:
+                                continue
+                            if cur_channel is None:
+                                cur_channel = ch
+                            cur_channels.add(ch)
+                            xs.append(x)
+                            ys.append(y)
+
+                if len(buf) > 1_000_000:
+                    del buf[:-262144]
+        finally:
+            try:
+                self._finalize_current(xs, ys, cur_channels)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                if self._src is not None:
+                    self._src.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass

rfg_adc_plotter/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Реалтайм-плоттер для свипов из виртуального COM-порта.
+
+Формат строк:
+  - "Sweep_start" — начало нового свипа (предыдущий считается завершённым)
+  - "s CH X Y" — точка (номер канала, индекс X, значение Y), все целые со знаком
+
+Отрисовываются четыре графика:
+  - Сырые данные: последний полученный свип (Y vs X)
+  - Водопад сырых данных: последние N свипов
+  - FFT текущего свипа
+  - B-scan: водопад FFT-строк
+
+Зависимости: numpy. PySerial опционален — при его отсутствии
+используется сырой доступ к TTY через termios.
+GUI: matplotlib (совместимый) или pyqtgraph (быстрый).
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import sys
+
+
+def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description=(
+            "Читает свипы из виртуального COM-порта и рисует: "
+            "последний свип и водопад (реалтайм)."
+        )
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "port",
+        help="Путь к порту, например /dev/ttyACM1 или COM3 (COM10+: \\\\.\\COM10)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--baud", type=int, default=115200, help="Скорость (по умолчанию 115200)")
+    parser.add_argument("--max-sweeps", type=int, default=200, help="Количество видимых свипов в водопаде")
+    parser.add_argument("--max-fps", type=float, default=30.0, help="Лимит частоты отрисовки, кадров/с")
+    parser.add_argument("--cmap", default="viridis", help="Цветовая карта водопада")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--spec-clip",
+        default="2,98",
+        help=(
+            "Процентильная обрезка уровней водопада спектров, %% (min,max). "
+            "Напр. 2,98. 'off' — отключить"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--spec-mean-sec",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.0,
+        help=(
+            "Вычитание среднего по каждой частоте за последние N секунд "
+            "в водопаде спектров (0 — отключить)"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--title", default="ADC Sweeps", help="Заголовок окна")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--fancy",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Заполнять выпавшие точки средними значениями между соседними",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ylim",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Фиксированные Y-пределы для кривой формата min,max (например -1000,1000). По умолчанию авто",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--backend",
+        choices=["auto", "pg", "mpl"],
+        default="auto",
+        help="Графический бэкенд: pyqtgraph (pg) — быстрее; matplotlib (mpl) — совместимый. По умолчанию auto",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--norm-type",
+        choices=["projector", "simple"],
+        default="projector",
+        help="Тип нормировки: projector (по огибающим в [-1000,+1000]) или simple (raw/calib)",
+    )
+    return parser
+
+
+def main():
+    args = build_parser().parse_args()
+
+    if args.backend == "pg":
+        from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.pyqtgraph_backend import run_pyqtgraph
+        try:
+            run_pyqtgraph(args)
+        except Exception as e:
+            sys.stderr.write(f"[error] PyQtGraph бэкенд недоступен: {e}\n")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        return
+
+    if args.backend == "auto":
+        try:
+            from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.pyqtgraph_backend import run_pyqtgraph
+            run_pyqtgraph(args)
+            return
+        except Exception:
+            pass  # Откатываемся на matplotlib
+
+    from rfg_adc_plotter.gui.matplotlib_backend import run_matplotlib
+    run_matplotlib(args)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

rfg_adc_plotter/processing/normalizer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""Алгоритмы нормировки свипов по калибровочной кривой."""
+
+from typing import Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+def normalize_simple(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Простая нормировка: поэлементное деление raw/calib."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"):
+        out[:w] = raw[:w] / calib[:w]
+    out = np.nan_to_num(out, nan=np.nan, posinf=np.nan, neginf=np.nan)
+    return out
+
+
+def build_calib_envelopes(calib: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    """Оценить нижнюю/верхнюю огибающие калибровочной кривой."""
+    n = int(calib.size)
+    if n <= 0:
+        empty = np.zeros((0,), dtype=np.float32)
+        return empty, empty
+
+    y = np.asarray(calib, dtype=np.float32)
+    finite = np.isfinite(y)
+    if not np.any(finite):
+        zeros = np.zeros_like(y, dtype=np.float32)
+        return zeros, zeros
+
+    if not np.all(finite):
+        x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+        y = y.copy()
+        y[~finite] = np.interp(x[~finite], x[finite], y[finite]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    if n < 3:
+        return y.copy(), y.copy()
+
+    dy = np.diff(y)
+    s = np.sign(dy).astype(np.int8, copy=False)
+
+    if np.any(s == 0):
+        for i in range(1, s.size):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i - 1]
+        for i in range(s.size - 2, -1, -1):
+            if s[i] == 0:
+                s[i] = s[i + 1]
+        s[s == 0] = 1
+
+    max_idx = np.where((s[:-1] > 0) & (s[1:] < 0))[0] + 1
+    min_idx = np.where((s[:-1] < 0) & (s[1:] > 0))[0] + 1
+
+    x = np.arange(n, dtype=np.float32)
+
+    def _interp_nodes(nodes: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+        if nodes.size == 0:
+            idx = np.array([0, n - 1], dtype=np.int64)
+        else:
+            idx = np.unique(np.concatenate(([0], nodes, [n - 1]))).astype(np.int64)
+        return np.interp(x, idx.astype(np.float32), y[idx]).astype(np.float32)
+
+    upper = _interp_nodes(max_idx)
+    lower = _interp_nodes(min_idx)
+
+    swap = lower > upper
+    if np.any(swap):
+        tmp = upper[swap].copy()
+        upper[swap] = lower[swap]
+        lower[swap] = tmp
+
+    return lower, upper
+
+
+def normalize_projector(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка через проекцию между огибающими калибровки в диапазон [-1000, +1000]."""
+    w = min(raw.size, calib.size)
+    if w <= 0:
+        return raw
+
+    out = np.full_like(raw, np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+    raw_seg = np.asarray(raw[:w], dtype=np.float32)
+    lower, upper = build_calib_envelopes(np.asarray(calib[:w], dtype=np.float32))
+    span = upper - lower
+
+    finite_span = span[np.isfinite(span) & (span > 0)]
+    if finite_span.size > 0:
+        eps = max(float(np.median(finite_span)) * 1e-6, 1e-9)
+    else:
+        eps = 1e-9
+
+    valid = (
+        np.isfinite(raw_seg)
+        & np.isfinite(lower)
+        & np.isfinite(upper)
+        & (span > eps)
+    )
+    if np.any(valid):
+        proj = np.empty_like(raw_seg, dtype=np.float32)
+        proj[valid] = ((2.0 * (raw_seg[valid] - lower[valid]) / span[valid]) - 1.0) * 1000.0
+        proj[valid] = np.clip(proj[valid], -1000.0, 1000.0)
+        proj[~valid] = np.nan
+        out[:w] = proj
+
+    return out
+
+
+def normalize_by_calib(raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray, norm_type: str) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Нормировка свипа по выбранному алгоритму."""
+    nt = str(norm_type).strip().lower()
+    if nt == "simple":
+        return normalize_simple(raw, calib)
+    return normalize_projector(raw, calib)

rfg_adc_plotter/state/app_state.py

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+"""Состояние приложения: текущие свипы и настройки калибровки/нормировки."""
+
+from queue import Empty, Queue
+from typing import Any, Dict, Mapping, Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.processing.normalizer import normalize_by_calib
+from rfg_adc_plotter.state.ring_buffer import RingBuffer
+from rfg_adc_plotter.types import SweepInfo, SweepPacket
+
+
+def format_status(data: Mapping[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Преобразовать словарь метрик в одну строку 'k:v'."""
+
+    def _fmt(v: Any) -> str:
+        if v is None:
+            return "NA"
+        try:
+            fv = float(v)
+        except Exception:
+            return str(v)
+        if not np.isfinite(fv):
+            return "nan"
+        if abs(fv) >= 1000 or (0 < abs(fv) < 0.01):
+            return f"{fv:.3g}"
+        return f"{fv:.3f}".rstrip("0").rstrip(".")
+
+    parts = [f"{k}:{_fmt(v)}" for k, v in data.items()]
+    return "  ".join(parts)
+
+
+class AppState:
+    """Весь изменяемый GUI-state: текущие данные, калибровка, настройки.
+
+    Методы drain_queue и set_calib_enabled заменяют одноимённые closures
+    с nonlocal из оригинального кода.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, norm_type: str = "projector"):
+        self.current_sweep_raw: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_sweep_norm: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.last_calib_sweep: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.current_info: Optional[SweepInfo] = None
+        self.calib_enabled: bool = False
+        self.norm_type: str = norm_type
+
+    def _normalize(self, raw: np.ndarray, calib: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+        return normalize_by_calib(raw, calib, self.norm_type)
+
+    def set_calib_enabled(self, enabled: bool):
+        """Включить/выключить режим калибровки, пересчитать norm-свип."""
+        self.calib_enabled = enabled
+        if (
+            self.calib_enabled
+            and self.current_sweep_raw is not None
+            and self.last_calib_sweep is not None
+        ):
+            self.current_sweep_norm = self._normalize(
+                self.current_sweep_raw, self.last_calib_sweep
+            )
+        else:
+            self.current_sweep_norm = None
+
+    def drain_queue(self, q: "Queue[SweepPacket]", ring: RingBuffer) -> int:
+        """Вытащить все ожидающие свипы из очереди, обновить state и ring.
+
+        Возвращает количество обработанных свипов.
+        """
+        drained = 0
+        while True:
+            try:
+                s, info = q.get_nowait()
+            except Empty:
+                break
+            drained += 1
+            self.current_sweep_raw = s
+            self.current_info = info
+
+            ch = 0
+            try:
+                ch = int(info.get("ch", 0)) if isinstance(info, dict) else 0
+            except Exception:
+                ch = 0
+
+            # Канал 0 — опорный (калибровочный) свип
+            if ch == 0:
+                self.last_calib_sweep = s
+                self.current_sweep_norm = None
+                sweep_for_ring = s
+            else:
+                if self.calib_enabled and self.last_calib_sweep is not None:
+                    self.current_sweep_norm = self._normalize(s, self.last_calib_sweep)
+                    sweep_for_ring = self.current_sweep_norm
+                else:
+                    self.current_sweep_norm = None
+                    sweep_for_ring = s
+
+            ring.ensure_init(s.size)
+            ring.push(sweep_for_ring)
+        return drained
+
+    def format_channel_label(self) -> str:
+        """Строка с номерами каналов для подписи на графике."""
+        if self.current_info is None:
+            return ""
+        info = self.current_info
+        chs = info.get("chs") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+        if chs is None:
+            chs = info.get("ch") if isinstance(info, dict) else None
+        if chs is None:
+            return ""
+        try:
+            if isinstance(chs, (list, tuple, set)):
+                ch_list = sorted(int(v) for v in chs)
+                return "chs " + ", ".join(str(v) for v in ch_list)
+            return f"chs {int(chs)}"
+        except Exception:
+            return f"chs {chs}"

rfg_adc_plotter/state/ring_buffer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+"""Кольцевой буфер свипов и FFT-строк для водопадного отображения."""
+
+import time
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from rfg_adc_plotter.constants import FFT_LEN, WF_WIDTH
+
+
+class RingBuffer:
+    """Хранит последние N свипов и соответствующие FFT-строки.
+
+    Все мутабельные поля водопада инкапсулированы здесь,
+    что устраняет необходимость nonlocal в GUI-коде.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, max_sweeps: int):
+        self.max_sweeps = max_sweeps
+        self.fft_bins = FFT_LEN // 2 + 1
+
+        # Инициализируются при первом свипе (ensure_init)
+        self.ring: Optional[np.ndarray] = None        # (max_sweeps, WF_WIDTH)
+        self.ring_fft: Optional[np.ndarray] = None    # (max_sweeps, fft_bins)
+        self.ring_time: Optional[np.ndarray] = None   # (max_sweeps,)
+        self.head: int = 0
+        self.width: Optional[int] = None
+        self.x_shared: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.freq_shared: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+        self.y_min_fft: Optional[float] = None
+        self.y_max_fft: Optional[float] = None
+        # FFT последнего свипа (для отображения без повторного вычисления)
+        self.last_fft_vals: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+
+    @property
+    def is_ready(self) -> bool:
+        return self.ring is not None
+
+    def ensure_init(self, sweep_width: int):
+        """Инициализировать буферы при первом свипе. Повторные вызовы — no-op."""
+        if self.ring is not None:
+            return
+        self.width = WF_WIDTH
+        self.x_shared = np.arange(self.width, dtype=np.int32)
+        self.ring = np.full((self.max_sweeps, self.width), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        self.ring_time = np.full((self.max_sweeps,), np.nan, dtype=np.float64)
+        self.ring_fft = np.full((self.max_sweeps, self.fft_bins), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        self.freq_shared = np.arange(self.fft_bins, dtype=np.int32)
+        self.head = 0
+
+    def push(self, s: np.ndarray):
+        """Добавить строку свипа в кольцевой буфер, вычислить FFT-строку."""
+        if s is None or s.size == 0 or self.ring is None:
+            return
+        w = self.ring.shape[1]
+        row = np.full((w,), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        take = min(w, s.size)
+        row[:take] = s[:take]
+        self.ring[self.head, :] = row
+        self.ring_time[self.head] = time.time()
+        self.head = (self.head + 1) % self.ring.shape[0]
+
+        self._push_fft(s)
+
+    def _push_fft(self, s: np.ndarray):
+        bins = self.ring_fft.shape[1]
+        take_fft = min(int(s.size), FFT_LEN)
+        if take_fft <= 0:
+            fft_row = np.full((bins,), np.nan, dtype=np.float32)
+        else:
+            fft_in = np.zeros((FFT_LEN,), dtype=np.float32)
+            seg = np.nan_to_num(s[:take_fft], nan=0.0).astype(np.float32, copy=False)
+            win = np.hanning(take_fft).astype(np.float32)
+            fft_in[:take_fft] = seg * win
+            spec = np.fft.rfft(fft_in)
+            mag = np.abs(spec).astype(np.float32)
+            fft_row = (20.0 * np.log10(mag + 1e-9)).astype(np.float32)
+            if fft_row.shape[0] != bins:
+                fft_row = fft_row[:bins]
+
+        prev_head = (self.head - 1) % self.ring_fft.shape[0]
+        self.ring_fft[prev_head, :] = fft_row
+        self.last_fft_vals = fft_row
+
+        fr_min = np.nanmin(fft_row)
+        fr_max = float(np.nanpercentile(fft_row, 90))
+        if self.y_min_fft is None or (not np.isnan(fr_min) and fr_min < self.y_min_fft):
+            self.y_min_fft = float(fr_min)
+        if self.y_max_fft is None or (not np.isnan(fr_max) and fr_max > self.y_max_fft):
+            self.y_max_fft = float(fr_max)
+
+    def get_display_ring(self) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Кольцо в порядке от старого к новому, ось времени по X. Форма: (width, time)."""
+        if self.ring is None:
+            return np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32)
+        base = self.ring if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring, -self.head, axis=0)
+        return base.T  # (width, time)
+
+    def get_display_ring_fft(self) -> np.ndarray:
+        """FFT-кольцо в порядке от старого к новому. Форма: (bins, time)."""
+        if self.ring_fft is None:
+            return np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.float32)
+        base = self.ring_fft if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring_fft, -self.head, axis=0)
+        return base.T  # (bins, time)
+
+    def get_display_times(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+        """Временные метки строк в порядке от старого к новому."""
+        if self.ring_time is None:
+            return None
+        return self.ring_time if self.head == 0 else np.roll(self.ring_time, -self.head)
+
+    def subtract_recent_mean_fft(
+        self, disp_fft: np.ndarray, spec_mean_sec: float
+    ) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Вычесть среднее по каждой частоте за последние spec_mean_sec секунд."""
+        if spec_mean_sec <= 0.0:
+            return disp_fft
+        disp_times = self.get_display_times()
+        if disp_times is None:
+            return disp_fft
+        now_t = time.time()
+        mask = np.isfinite(disp_times) & (disp_times >= (now_t - spec_mean_sec))
+        if not np.any(mask):
+            return disp_fft
+        try:
+            mean_spec = np.nanmean(disp_fft[:, mask], axis=1)
+        except Exception:
+            return disp_fft
+        mean_spec = np.nan_to_num(mean_spec, nan=0.0)
+        return disp_fft - mean_spec[:, None]
+
+    def compute_fft_levels(
+        self, disp_fft: np.ndarray, spec_clip: Optional[Tuple[float, float]]
+    ) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float]]:
+        """Вычислить (vmin, vmax) для отображения водопада спектров."""
+        # 1. По среднему спектру за видимое время
+        try:
+            mean_spec = np.nanmean(disp_fft, axis=1)
+            vmin_v = float(np.nanmin(mean_spec))
+            vmax_v = float(np.nanmax(mean_spec))
+            if np.isfinite(vmin_v) and np.isfinite(vmax_v) and vmin_v != vmax_v:
+                return (vmin_v, vmax_v)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        # 2. Процентильная обрезка
+        if spec_clip is not None:
+            try:
+                vmin_v = float(np.nanpercentile(disp_fft, spec_clip[0]))
+                vmax_v = float(np.nanpercentile(disp_fft, spec_clip[1]))
+                if np.isfinite(vmin_v) and np.isfinite(vmax_v) and vmin_v != vmax_v:
+                    return (vmin_v, vmax_v)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # 3. Глобальные накопленные мин/макс
+        if (
+            self.y_min_fft is not None
+            and self.y_max_fft is not None
+            and np.isfinite(self.y_min_fft)
+            and np.isfinite(self.y_max_fft)
+            and self.y_min_fft != self.y_max_fft
+        ):
+            return (self.y_min_fft, self.y_max_fft)
+
+        return None

rfg_adc_plotter/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Tuple, Union
+
+import numpy as np
+
+Number = Union[int, float]
+SweepInfo = Dict[str, Any]
+SweepPacket = Tuple[np.ndarray, SweepInfo]